LIST OF WOODS. 171 



Alder-wood, — Used underground iu mines, for covering damp 

 places, water-conduits, largely used for cigar-boxes, clog-soles, 

 rarely carved. 



Poplar. — Rafters and rails, joinery and wheelwrights' work, 

 packing-cases, coarse carving, matches, cigar-boxes, and papier- 

 mache. The white poplar, or Abele, also for superior wood- 

 carving and in organs. Aspen for lucifer-matches. 



Willow. — Cricket-bats, basket-work, withes, fascines ; wood 

 of tree-willows used in furniture under veneer, for packing-cases, 

 papier-mache. [Being soft and teuaceous is used as well as 

 poplar for lining carts. — Tr.] 



Robinia (False acacia). — Wheelwrights' wood, implements, 

 joinery, trenails, vine-stakes, tool-handles and turnery. 



Service-wood (Pynis torminalis). — Used by turner and cabinet- 

 maker, and for wood-carving. 



Rowan- wood (Pyrns aucuparia). — Splendid wheelwrights' 

 wood, on account of its great toughness. 



Hazel. — Used for hoops, sieve-frames, and also by the cabinet- 

 maker. 



Horse-chestnut. — Used by the turner and cabinet-maker, and 

 for tine wood-carving. 



Wild cherry {Pninas avium). — Esteemed by the cabinet-maker 

 and turner, and used by the wheelwright. 



Wild pear {Pyrus communis). — Highly esteemed for cabinet- 

 making and turnery, for picture-frames, blocks for woodcuts. 

 Figured wood equally prized with that of the cultivated pear and 

 apple-trees for veneers. 



Walnut. — Highly esteemed for furniture, veneer, gunstocks, 

 and for frames, wood-carving and turnery. 



2. Coniferous IVoods. 



Spruce. — Logs used in construction of all kinds, and in boats 

 for fresh-water traffic. Sawn timber used by the joiner and 

 cabinet-maker, by the wheelwright and shingle-maker, for boxes, 

 packing-cases, toys, piano-making and organ-building. Poles 

 and saplings used for agricultural purposes, ladders, telegraph- 

 posts, fencing, vine-stakes, wooden baskets, and paper-pulp. 



Silver-fir {Ahies x>cctinata). — Used for the same purposes as 



