171- INDUSTRIAL USES OF WOOD. 



Briar-wood (Erica arhorea). — Roots used for tobacco-pipes. 



Pencil-cedar (JnnipevHs viniiniana and J. hevmiul'iana). — For 

 lead-pencils, pianoforte-hammers, pipe-stems, turnery and finer 

 t\il)int't-m;iking. 



Pitch pine {I 'inns aiistraHs,h-om the southern States of North 

 America). — Splendid architectural wood, resembles the best 

 larclnvood in durability ; ship-building, railway-carriages, less 

 used for furniture. 



The name " Pitch pine " is used in a misleading way, inferior 

 species, such as Finns ri;iida, having been thus imported into 

 Germany; [the wood of Pinus anstmlis is, however, very largely 

 used in Britain. — Tr.] 



American cypress {Tanulinm disiichnm). — Used for door- and 

 M-all-panelling, kc. 



Oregon or Douglas fir {Pscmlotsnfja Bourjlasii) . — Used in super- 

 structures, and fur shipbuilding ; also as scantling in joinery. 



As this tree has a wide range in North-western America, it is 

 evident that the quality of its timber varies considerably. 

 AVhen grown at a moderate elevation near the Pacific Ocean, it 

 is said to be most durable and valuable. 



[The wood of many Australian gum-trees {Eucahjptns sp.) is 

 highly esteemed : thus " Jarrah " (/•>'. nuirninata), ship-building, 

 railway-sleepers, wood-paving; and " Kari " {E. diucrsicolor), 

 wood-paving. — Tr.] 



[Lancewood {Duguetia qnitarensis, Benth. of (Juiaua, and Giudteria 

 rirr/ata, BraziU which is largely used for fishing-rods, golf-clubs, itc, 

 should also be mentioned. — Tr.] 



Conversion of sprucewood into staves in Uie Jura. (After Doppe.) Vide i). 147. 



