212 FELLING AND CONVERSION. 



"Whenever climixte is against winter-felling, the most valuable 

 trees should be felled late in the autumn ; this is the more 

 essential, the greater delay there is likely to occur between the 

 felling and the sawing up of the timber, or the removal of it 

 to sheltered, airy timber-yards. 



5. Species of 'Tree. 

 Conifers, and especially the spruce, are most liable to be 

 worm-eaten; and to protect them, the bark should, as soon as 

 possible, be peeled from off the felled trees. Thorough barking 

 is possible only in summer, whilst in autumn or winter the bark 

 can only be partially removed ; this, however, is quite sufficient 

 to protect the wood from insects and to allow of its thoroughly 

 drying. If the trees are felled in autumn and partially peeled, 

 the fact that the bark is left as a thin coating prevents the 

 wood from cracking. 



6. Special Application of the Material from Fellinfi-Areas. 



Exceptions are made when the material from the fellings is 

 required for special purposes. 



Thus, for bent-wood furniture, and for certain impregnation 

 processes, and in the case of cloven wood, the trees should be 

 felled in summer. If bark is to be used for tanning, the 

 trees must be felled in the spring. "Wood used for wells and 

 water-pipes is also sometimes felled during spring. 



7. Modes of Transport. 

 As regards transport, it is found that wood felled in summei- 

 is lighter to carry, and floats better than winter-felled wooti ; 

 hence less firewood sinks, and the timber-rafts are less heavily 

 laden, owing to the wood being much more thoroughly dried 

 than when felled in winter. 



8. Demands <f Timher-Marhct. 

 The possibility of getting a good price for timber often 

 depends on the time fixed for the timber-sales, and the latter de- 

 pends on the time the trees are felled. "Where other considera- 

 tions are not predominant, the felling period should be so 

 arranged that the material may come to market at the season 

 when the best prices are ofl'ered. 



