ESTIMATING THE YIELD. 299 



can api^roach each lot as nearly as possible. This is more easily 

 attained when the conversion and sale of the timber precede 

 that of the firewood, and the billets may then be stacked in lonff 

 rows along the roads or rides, with the faggots behind them. 



As a rule, the mode of arrangement of the depot depends 

 chiefly on the area available, but the forest manager should 

 always endeavour, like a trader, to secure a good display of his 

 wares. 



"When the last firewood stack is ready, and the felling is thus 

 completed, all chips, broken pieces and other waste material may 

 be collected and distributed among the woodcutters and in 

 certain localities, the twigs and branchwood may be spread over 

 the area, either as in the Alps to protect the young growth 

 against cattle, or as in jJiuDics, to facilitate the burning of the 

 surface before sowing an agricultural crop. 



Section IX. —Estimating the Yield. 

 1. Xiuxhcrifi;/ the Lots. 



As soon as the felling operations are over, the amount of 

 material produced must be calculated and its value estimated. 



If the clearance of the area and the transport are carried on 

 simultaneously, and the wood is removed to a considerable dis- 

 tance from the felling-area to valleys or rafting-stations and 

 collected there, the estimation is eflected at these places, and in 

 the case of summer fellings often not till the following spring. 



Each log or butt, and each pile of 100, 50 or 25 poles, &c., 

 each stack of firewood, and each 25 faggots, form the several lots. 

 Current numbers are, therefore, affixed to each separate lot, to 

 distinguish them from one another. 



In order to render the control of timber-export eftective, it is 

 better that one series of numbers should serve for a whole 

 forest range, or for a group of fellings the produce of which 

 passes in a certain direction. In order, however, to obviate the 

 inconvenience of using very high numbers, each class and sub- 

 class of produce is numbered separately, so that there are several 

 series of numbers each beginning with No. 1 for the logs, butts, 

 hundreds of poles, stacked wood or faggots. In Prussia and 



