44-8 SALE OF WOOD 



question arises as to the general trade-principles governing the 

 sale of wood in order that this object may be attained. The 

 modes of selling wood may be distinguished in two ways : first, 

 the form in which the wood is offered for sale by the forest 

 owner, and secondly, the different kinds of sale, depending on the 

 manner in which the price is determined. 



1. Form ill icliirJi ]]'()<)(l is Sold. 

 Wood may be sold either by detail after conversion into logs, 

 stacked firewood, &c., or by standing trees. 



(a) Sale by detail. 



Sale by detail follows after the felling, conversion and removal 

 of the wood to a forest-depot, which operations have been 

 effected by a body of woodcutters engaged for the work by the 

 forest owner. The Avood is sold in larger or smaller lots, or by 

 the whole volume of certain assortments, according to the kind 

 of sale in question. 



Sale by detail is the most rational mode of sale, as the lots 

 have been estimated in quantity and quality, and their value can 

 be accurately determined. It presupposes, however, the cer- 

 tainty of recovering from the purchasers all the cost of felling, 

 conversion and removal of the material. Wherever there is a 

 fair demand for wood, this is the mode of sale usually followed 

 in Germany, Austria, Hungary, Switzerland and some other 

 European countries. 



(b) Sale of Standing Trees. 

 The sale of standing trees involves the snle, or at least, the 

 fixation of the price, before the wood is felled. This may imply 

 the sale of the fall of timber on a felling-area for one year, 

 either by single trees, or by the whole felling-area; or of the 

 principal yield of a forest for a term of years. Where the fall of 

 timber during a single year is sold, two methods are in force 

 according as the felling and conversion is done by the owner, or 

 the purchaser. 



i. Coiircrfiion h)j tlic Forest Oiciicr. 

 Sale by unit of produce implies that the felling, conversion 

 and clearance of the felling-area is done by the forest owner, 



