SYLVICULTUEAL ADVANTAGE. 545 



the deprivation of nutriment ^^■ill be very little felt. In the 

 case, however, of poor soil exhausted b}^ the field-crops, bad 

 consequences will result for the forest growth, and if this is not 

 at once visible during its youth the wood must undoubtedly 

 suffer in its subsequent development. 



Whenever temporary field-crops are to be grown on a 

 sufficiently rich soil Avith the least possible damage to the forest 

 crop, care must be taken that the young woody plants are rooted 

 in a lower stratum of the soil than that in which the field-crop 

 is grown. This is secured by cultivating the soil deeply, and 

 restocking it with woody plants with deep rather than superficial 

 roots, and with transplants rather than by seed. 



From the above considerations it follows that from a sylvi- 

 cultural point of view field-crops may be grown profitably in 

 combination with forestry only on well-cultivated soils rich in 

 nutritious salts, and that then it is the cheapest and most 

 certain method of restocking a felling-area. On poor soils this 

 system is quite unjustifiable, as has been proved in numerous 

 cases. 



Of all the methods which have been tried, the IValdfeldbau 

 is the best, because it implies a thorough working of the soil, 

 no loss of wood-increment and clear-felled areas are at once 

 restocked. But even on superior soils field-crops should not be 

 maintamed for more than two years. 



[In France and Belgium, cleared areas, on which conifers grew, are 

 frequently cultivated for one year with a field-crop, after burning 

 {sartage) the soil-covering and refuse fi'om tlie felling : this reduces 

 danger of damage by insects to the succeeding crop of conifers. 



In Burma bamboos and other inferior species prevent the growth 

 of teak, advantage is therefore taken of jhume cultivation, which is 

 termed locally taungya, to get the area sown with teak-seed, the 

 teak plants growing into forest after the cultivation of field-crops has 

 been abandoned. — Tr.1 



