MARITIME PINE. 



635 



Fig. 280/ 



pieces of bark and particles of sand were blown on to it by the 

 wind, and water or other impurities mingled with it. 



In order to prevent the consequent waste of resin, Hugues, in 

 1860, devised a method for catching the resin immediately below 

 the points of exudation by means of a little zinc collar which was 

 fixed across the groove, and for collecting it in a glazed, couically- 

 shaped pot, 14 centimeters wide at the top, 8 centimeters at the 

 base (5 A and 3 inches) and 14 centimeters deep. Then, after 

 cutting a groove, the collar is fixed below it, and the pot placed on 

 the sand under the collar and 

 gradually raised with the cut, 

 as explained below. Every 

 spring the whole apparatus 

 is raised above the sterile 

 portion of the groove, where 

 the former year's tapping 

 had stopped (Fig. 280). 



In order to fix the collar, 

 an incision is made with 

 a sharp, curved, steel im- 

 plement, and the collar 

 fixed in the incision. The 

 pot is supported between 



the collar and a nail driven into the tree below the pot. The pots 

 are also bored with a hole near their rim, so that they can be 

 suspended if necessary, and this hole also allows any rain-water 

 which is in the pot to drain away. Frequently evaporation of 

 the turpentine is prevented by covering the pot with a thin piece 

 of pine- wood. This improved system has increased the yield of 

 resin by from 3 to 4i%, and also yields a much purer resin than 

 before, selling at 10 francs a cask more than that collected in the 

 sand. 



Only the more liquid parts of the resin reach the pot, the 

 rest solidifies on the way and remains attached to the groove. 

 The upper part of this solid crust is easily removed by hand ; 

 it is thus collected by the resin-tapper, and is termed (jalipot. 

 The resin in contact with the wood is much harder, and can 



* This, and all plates used in tliis chapter (except fig. 292) are taken from 

 Boppe's Technologie forestitrc. 



