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CHAPTER IX. 



LESS IMPORTANT MINOR PRODUCE. 



The most important items of minor produce have been dealt 

 with in the preceding chapters, but there are various other items 

 which are more or less useful. Most of these are leased by area, 

 either of the whole forest or for certain parts of it ; permission 

 is given to collect others gratis. Not unfrequently, however, it 

 should first be decided whether their utilization will be injurious 

 to the game in the forest, for permission given to persons to 

 wander all over a forest in search of petty products may often 

 give rise to irregularities. The following items of produce will 

 be referred to : — 



Grass-seeds. Vanillin. Edible Fruits. 



Herbage for various Mosses. Lime Bast, &c. 



Industrial Purposes. Knoppern Galls. 



Wood-wool. Truffles. 



1. Grass-seeds * 



The frequently abundant growth of grass on clear-cuttings, 

 forest-roads and other places has been already described, 

 nearly all the species of grass occurring which are found in 

 pastures. As meadow-grasses are cut for hay when in full 

 blossom, meadows do not afford grass-seed ; but in forests, 

 grasses may be allowed to ripen their fruit and thus afford a 

 useful agricultural product. The collection of grass-seeds is at 

 present in many forests a matter of importance, employs many 

 people and yields a fair revenue. 



The species which, as good meadow-grasses, are chiefly in 

 demand for seed may be classified as gregarious, light -demanding 



* G. Rothe, Samehi dcr Grassamen in den Waldungcn, Stuttgart, 1875. 



