"OS 



WOOD-CA HBONISATIOX. 



liillets radially from the flue outwarils, ou them other pieces are 

 jtlaced sufficiently close together, so that all the wood to be 

 carbonised can rest on them, but sufficient intervals are left for 

 a draught of air. 



The Hue is formed by three stout poles often kept in position 

 by iron rings and is filled, as before, with kindling material. 

 Piling the wood, on account of the size and weight of the pieces. 



Fig. 312. 



{a\ represents a space left wl)en kindling is applied from below, as in S. Bavaria. 



is a heavy piece of work. It is formed of tMo tiers, and "a dome 

 with two thin layers of wood, and is from 5 to meters- 

 (16 — 19 feet) high. The wood should be piled as closely as 

 possible, all the larger interstices being filled with split wood. 

 The kilns are usually larger than ordinary ones, but excessively 

 large ones containing 1,500 to 2,000 cubic meters (50,000 to 

 70,000 cubic feet) are no longer made. 



As the heavy pieces of wood can be piled only with difficulty 

 on the base of the kiln, a kind of wooden tramway or sledge- road 

 is constructed, on which the pieces can be brought to the kiln in 

 trucks or sledges. As a rule the kindling is eftected from above, 

 and for this purpose, a central cavity is arranged at the top of 

 the kiln in wliich the flue terminates. When the large pieces 

 of wood are all piled, the interstices arc filled in carefully witli 

 small pieces of split wood. 



Alpine kilns are usually covered more thickly than common 



