COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS FROM CRUDE RESIN. 773 



oil of turpentine sells at about 25s. per 100 lbs. Most of tbe 

 manufactured produce goes to Bordeaux, whence it is shipped 

 to the principal European countries, or used in France. Most 

 of the British supply of rosin at present comes from America, 

 being 1,429,431 cwt. in 1891, while 31,261 cwt. came from 

 France, and 2,797 cwt. from other countries, the whole being 

 valued at 331,486/. 



The quantity of oil of turpentine imported into the United 

 Kingdom in 1894, was 406,877 cwt. valued at 481,382/., also 

 chiefly from America. 



Section II. — Commercial Products from the Crude Resin 

 OF THE Maritime Pine.* 



The different products of crude resin are : — 



Galipot. Brais. 



Oil of turpentine. Turpentine paste, 



Colophany. Pitch. 



Galipot is dried resin picked from the tapped trees, and is used 

 in certain varnishes, also in naval construction, especially in 

 Holland, for painting ships and masts. 



Oil of turpentine is distilled from crude resin, and is used 

 chiefly in oil colours, varnishes, and medicine. 



Colophany is the best part of the residue after distillation of 

 crude resin, and is used for papier-mache, sealing-wax, &c. 



Brais is obtained by heating in a retort the straw sieves used 

 in filtering the resin and also pine-roots. It is used in making 

 torches, and is run into small square boxes round four or five 

 wicks, and these are lighted on frosty nights, burning with a dense 

 smoke, which protects vineyards from frost ; it is also used for 

 soldering metals, or may be made into pitch. 



Turpentine paste is used for varnish, sealing-wax, lithographic 

 ink, &c. There are three kinds:— The ordinary quality is 

 obtained after crude resin has been filtered but not distilled. 

 Pate au soldi is obtained when crude resin is exposed to the 

 sun's heat in vessels filled with holes, through which the more 



* From JJopjie, op. cit. 



