THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 381 



this should be removed. With the above precaution and a mod- 

 erately heavy stone on each cover so treated, but very little heal 

 will be lost from the upward current of air. 



If one cares to save the small swarms they can be helped won- 

 derfully by wrapping them in paper, for they need every particle of 

 animal heat they produce, thus the necessity of papering to stop all 

 upward current of air. 



We are working upon a plan of handling these weaklings by 

 uniting them with the most powerful colonies in the yards, then 

 dividing them at the opening of the honey flow to keep our num- 

 ber good. But more anon. 

 Xorthstar, ]»tlich. 



Wintering Bees on the 60 Deg. Latitude. 



PAUL MICKWITZ. 



' "Jl HAVE often said to my bee-keeping friends here in Finland, 

 ^jl that it is my impression that the wintering problem is as hard 

 to solve in the extreme south as it is in this latitude. The 

 continual cold, with plenty of snow covering the hives, makes the 

 colonies rest in perfect quietness. I believe they consume here less 

 honey during the winter months than they would in a warm cli- 

 mate. 



If the stores are good and there is a reasonable quantity of 

 them, bees should go well through winter in spite of the extreme 

 cold. My brother-in-law, who also keeps bees, wrote me a few 

 weeks ago that their thermometer registered 38°C. ; still bees are 

 doing well in his locality. 



Our bees are confined to their hive during six months, but in 

 the extreme south hardly at any time of the year. This must nat- 

 urally result in a greater consumption of stores, and if such are not 

 supplied in time the whole colony may swarm out. I have such 

 cases on record from the time I spent in your country. 



THE WOODSIAir FROTECTZON' HIVE. 



I have been using a few Woodman Protection Hives with very 

 good success, also in wintering out of doors. The hive is well con- 

 structed and well made for any cold clime. A very good point is 

 that it furnishes protection against cold and heat as well. Especi- 

 ally the super, with the loose outer case, is a grand thing during a 

 cold snap, or when nights are chilly and the bees would desert the 

 supers if unprotected. I should think the bee-keepers of the north- 

 ern states and Canada have "the thing" in the Woodman Protection 

 Hive, and if freight and custom were not too high I would use it 

 exclusively. 



I^ANGSTROTH HrVES IN FINI.AND. 



My brother has constructed a double-walled hive, that he has 



