THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 265 



Gates are placed at the open end of the partitions to regulate the 

 flow of honey and the honey runs under them, but prevents any wax 

 or other matter from flowing with the honey. This is important as 

 the wax (as the honey becomes warm) rises to the top and can be 

 removed before it reaches a melting temperature, thus preventing 

 any injury to the flavor by reason of hot wax coming in contact with 

 the phoney. The honey entering the heater flows a considerable dis- 

 tance before it gets hot enough to melt the wax. and as the wax is 

 confined to the first two compartments it nearly reaches the melting 

 temperature. By the time the lioney reaches the outlet at the end 

 the temperature should be about 150 degrees ; a thermometer should 

 be placed near the outlet and the temperature not allowed to go 

 above 160 degrees. Mr. Robert Cissna thinks it not necessary to 

 heat honey (before granulation) as hot as is usually recommended 

 (160 degrees) to prevent granulation, and has experimented along 

 this line for a number of years, and my experience accords with his. 

 Mr. Cissna is a very careful and painstaking bee-keeper, usually car- 

 ries oft first prize at the fairs, and his opinion should carry some 

 weight. 



Many have asked me for a further description of the plan of 

 heating honey as fast as extracted. Heating the honey before gran- 

 ulation seems to have struck a responsive chord. 



Most any system of heating will do, as it is only a question of 

 bringing the honey to the proper temperature and removing the par- 

 ticles of wax, pollen, grains, etc. A vat of any sort jiolding ten or 

 fifteen gallons would do the work. Fill the vat with cold honey and 

 heat to the proper temperature, then draw off and refill and repeat 

 the operation. Two of these vats would work nicely, first filling one 

 and when one is being heated the other could be filling. 



This would work nicely with a honey pump attached to your 

 extractor, simply turning the discharge from one to the other as 

 wanted. 



Always use a water-jacketed vat to prevent burning the honey. 

 A honey pump is not necessary where you have sui^ficient fall, but 

 where your extractor is on the same floor as your heaters you will 

 find the pump a great help. 



I firmly believe that if lic]uid honey was always sent to the 

 consumer with the assurance that it would not candy for at lea^t six 

 months, twice the amount would be consumed than where candied 

 honey is sent. I always send liquid honey (unless candied is or- 

 dered) and last year ni}^ brother and I, out of a crop of forty tliou^- 

 and pounds, had orders for not more than three hundred pounds of 

 candied honey. There was not one dissatisfied customer. There is 

 a limited demand for candied honey, but I think it should never go 

 to the grocer or consumer in tin or glass. Paper packages seem to 



