254 



AMERICAN BEE JOUENAl- 



April 17, 1901. 



It should be observed that it makes no differ- 

 ence whether we use the poisons of the bac- 

 teria or the bacteria themselves, weakened by 

 growing in a cow or by overheating, or by 

 merely drying— as Pasteur did the rabid dogs' 

 virus to protect against the disease — the re- 

 sult is the same. It is the poisons of the bac- 

 teria that cause and protect against the dis- 

 ease. 



Our control over diseases, however, is very 

 much limited by the great, and, I might say. 

 insurmountable ditlicullics that have to be 

 overcome in isolating the bacteria, and culti- 

 vating them so as to obtain their poison. The 

 poisons can, as we have seen, protect against 

 the acute infectious diseases caused by the 

 bacteria, but when the disease has set in, the 

 poison can not be used as a remedial agent in 

 the disease. Anti-toxins are then used in a 

 few diseases with some advantage. 



Bacteria, although vegetable organisms, live 

 like bees in colonies, and the individuals act 

 in the interest of the colony. It is numbers 

 that make them formidable. If a bee stings 

 it dies, and if a bacterium secretes poison it 

 dies in secreting it. Both lose their lives in 

 defense of the colony. A bacterium can mul- 

 tiply, and a bee sometimes tries to multiply, 

 but fails. The bacteria grow and multiply 

 for some time before they commence secreting 

 poison, and this explains the nearly uniform 

 periods of incubation connected with most 

 infectious diseases. The incubation period of 

 hydrophobia varies to a great extent. 



The nicotine bacteria did not grow in the 

 smoking boy. Bacteria will not grow unless 

 the surroundings are favorable. Parasitic 

 fungi will not grow in strong and healthy 

 plants, but will readily in weak plants, and 

 the tubercle bacilli will not grow in strong 

 animals, but will readily in the weak. AVhen 

 the bacteria are unable "to poison and paralyze 



the animal cells, the white blood-corpuscles 

 and tissue-cells (Metscbnikofl's Phagocytes) 

 eat them, and when the tissue-cells become re- 

 sistant to the bacteria-poison they quickly 

 dispose of the bacteria. We find, therefore, 

 that the attendants of the sick in small-pox, 

 consumption, and fever hospitals, are more 

 secure from the diseases than if less exposed 

 to them. The exposure strengthens the re- 

 sistance and preserves the immunity of the 

 disease. 



The animal cells know on the first touch of 

 the bacteria whether they are dangerous or 

 not, as one bee knows on the touch of 

 another whether it is from a queenless colony 

 or not. The dangerous bacteria are of small 

 size, and may be known to some extent in 

 that way. If we inoculate a person with 

 small-pox virus, and at the same time vacci- 

 nate with vaccine virus, the vaccine virus will 

 commence growing four or five days sooner 

 than the sniall-pox virus, and will protect 

 wholly or partially from the small-pox virus. 

 This is the same kind of protection by which 

 we proposed to save the boy, and the same 

 that Pasteur used in hydrophobia. It is 

 simply inducing a mild form of the disease 

 during the incubation period to protect 

 against the fatal form at the end of it. The 

 animal cells offer less resistance to the growth 

 of the bacteria producing the milder poison. 



I have stated as briefly as possible the 

 action of bacteria in causing and protecting 

 against diseases, to show that we can not 

 make use of the bacteria or their poison in 

 curing or preventing foul brood. That all 

 parasitic bacteria, however, are continually 

 increasing the resistance of animals to bac- 

 terial diseases, is evident — the acquired re- 

 sistance is transmitted and becomes heredi- 

 tary. Also, to show that germicide remedies 

 in the treatment of foul brood endeavor to 



4i»N\t/\li\l/xl/Vt/U/VtA)/\i/\^AtAlAl/VI/il/\t/il/\ 



i UimM Honey For Sale i 



^ ALL !N 60-POUND TIN CANS. ^ 



I Alfalfa 

 j^ Honey 



=BEST- 



VC 



This is the famous 

 White Extracted 

 Honey g^athered in 

 the great Alfalfa 

 reg-ions of the Cent- 

 ral West. It is a 

 splendid honey, and 

 nearly everybody 

 who cares to eat 

 honey at all can't 

 get enough of the 

 Alfalfa extracted. 



Basswood 

 Honey J^ 



This is the well- 

 cnown light-colored 

 lodey gathered from 

 he rich, nectar- 

 aden basswood blos- 

 ioms. It has a 

 itroDger flavor than 

 Alfalfa, and is pre- 

 ferred by those who 

 like a distinct flavor 

 in their honey. 



Prices of Alfalfa or Basswood Honey: ^ 



A sample of either, by mail, 10 cents, to pay for package and post- ^ 



age. By freight — two 60-pound cans of Alfalfa, 7}4 cents per pound ; ^\ 



' 4 cans or more, 7 cents a pound. Basswood Honey, )^ cent more per ^ 



pound than Alfalfa prices. Cash must accompany each order. You ^ 



can order half of each kind of honey, if you so desire. The cans are ^[ 



■' two in a box, and freight is not prepaid. Absolutely PUfC BCCS' Honcy. S^ 



' ' ' — ■ — ■ ■ ^i; 



Order the Above Honey and then Sell It. ^: 



We ■would suggest that those bee-keepers who did not produce ^', 



enough honey for their home demand this year, just order some of the ^ 



above, and sell it. And others, who want to earn some money, can get ^ 



this honey and work up a demand for it almost anywhere. Jj| 



GEORQE W. YORK & CO., 144 & 146 Erie St., Chicago, III. ^ 



25Atf 



INGHAM'S PATENT 



14 years the be^t. 

 Send for Circular. 



Smokers 



T. F. BINQHaM. Harwell, Mich. 



SHEEP MONEY 



IS GOOD MONEY 



ind (. 



I HI Wli 



.•^y ti. 



rk lor 118. Wt' will sturt .yii hi 

 jiisiiiess and (iirnish the capital. ' v\ .,rk 

 itrlit ixnd ensy. Send 10 t-ents for full 

 iiif of Maniples and particulars. 



DRAPER PUBLISHINQ CO., Chicago, Ills. 



Maple ttill Poullru Farm 



Is nonvselline EGGS for hatcliidg- from Stand- 

 ard Bred, Hig-h-Scorin^ stock. Barred Ply- 

 moutb Rocks, Black Langshans, and Rose- 

 Comb Brown Leghorns. Eggs, il.50 per IS; $2.50 

 per 30. Stock in season. 



EUGENE HAMBAUGH, 



16A4t MT. STERLING, ILL. 



Please mention Bee Journal -when WTitina. 



EXPERIENCED BEE-MAN WANTED 



At once to assist in ruanaperaeat of 200 coloaies. 

 Wages, $20 a month and board. A steady iob lo 

 a g-ood raan. ANSELL, 



loAtt G. N. Ry., St. Paul, Minn. 



Please mention Bee Journal -when -writinK. 



1902— Bee-Keepers' Suoplies! 



We can fnrnish you with The A. I. Root Go's 

 goods at wholesale or retail at their prices. We can 

 save you freight, and ship promptly. Marfeet price 



Said for beeswax. Send for our 1902 catalog. 

 t. H. UUNT & SON, Bell Branch. Wayne Co.. Micb 

 Please 'nnntion Bee Journal -when ■WTitiiig, 



Please mention Bee Journal ■when, wiitinft 



Watkins Remedies — (>ur coluranscontain the 

 advertisement of the J. R. Watkins Medical 

 Company, a long- established and favorably- 

 known medical house of Winona, Minn. This 

 institution takes its name from its President^ 

 J. R. Watkins, who established the business in 

 a small way about 35 years ago. It was incor- 

 porated in IS'M. It has therefore had a long and 

 prosperous career under the same management, 

 who was the discoverer and compounder of all 

 its remedies. The Watkins group of remedies 

 have become household words in many parts of 

 the country. In some sections the Watkins 

 wagons have been traversing the country year 

 after year, call'ng upon regular patrons who 

 would not think of being without the Watkins 

 remedies and extracts. People have no hesi- 

 tancy in patronizing the Watkins wagons The 

 drivers are bpecially commissioned bonded rep- 



resentatives of the Watkins house. Elsewhere 

 the mail order, selling direct from the labora- 

 tories to the consumer, has been employed. By 

 these means an immense business has been 

 built up, and this "old reliable" boasts the 

 largest and best equipped house of its kind in 

 the world. r 



The V''j2 Watkins Almanac, Home Doctor and 

 Cook-Book combined into one, is a most valua- 

 ble book for preservation in any home. It is re- 

 plete in discussiuns of ailments, remedies, reci- 

 pes, etc. It is much larger for this year than 

 ever before, and embraces many new and valu- 

 able features. Nothing untried or illy consid- 

 ered finds a place in it. Many of our readers 

 are long-time patrons of the house. Such as 

 are not should at least write for the above book, 

 which is sent free, and correspond freely for 

 anything desired in its line. Correspondence 

 should be addressed to The J. R. Watkins Med- 

 ical Co., 10 Liberty St., Winona, Minn. Please 

 mention the American Bee Journal when 

 writing. 



