654 



AMERICAN BEE lOURNAL 



Oct. 9, 1902. 



space of one frame: next day I shoved the 

 other frames up. removed division-board, and 

 the queen was all rig-ht. This beats keeping 

 them confined in the little shipping-rage for a 



Mv introduction of virgin queens is to pick 

 them olT of the comb as soon as hatched and 

 let them run in at the en'ranee; or lift back 

 the corner of the blanket and let them run 

 down from the top. Very often a very young 

 virgin will supersede an old queen, if given 

 in this way, without destroying the old queen 

 yourself. 



WHAT DETERMINES SEX l 



On page .t03 Prof. Cook has an article on 

 this subject. These professors are always 

 getting their foot into something. Look at 

 the argument, read between the lines. I irst, 

 animals onthe earth are sexless. If a male 

 offspring is desired, give the mother a dose of 

 pill" or'^make her sick some other way, and 

 the desired result will be obtained. If a 

 female is desired, the mother must enjoy good 

 health, and be fat. Wonder if all of our 

 stalwart young men had weakly, sickly 

 mothers, and all our weakly, sick, young 

 American women had stalwart, healthy 

 mothers. If the mother's meal does not 

 din-est it will be a male; if it digests well it 

 will be a female. Just as though the food 

 and sperm entered the same channel. 



Prof Loeb gives chemicals instead of male 

 sperm, and the conception is perfect. It seems 

 to me that a man is very closely crowded for 

 lo<'ic, knowledge, and science, and even for 

 argument, that will thus reason. I wish to 

 say with the highest regard t ) the professors, 

 that I have mastered the science of controlling 

 the sexes of animals, and have good knowl- 

 edge of plants, and that his theory is not true 

 by any means', and that my art never does 

 fail I can take his subject (the mother) and 

 give him all the advantages his theory calls 

 for and will check up a thousand dollars that 

 the results he desires will fail him -.or I wil 

 ban'! on another thousand dollars that my art 

 is true, and will develop either sex without a 

 failure. DR- W. A. Johnson. 



Los Angeles Co.. Calif. 



Unfinished Sections-Foul Brood. 



The honey season is over with about half a 

 crop It was too wet and cold. There are a 

 good many unlinished sections and plenty of 

 foul brood. Frank Rasmussen. 



Montcalm Co., .Mich.. Sept. 29. 



Nature's Way of Rearing Queens. 



Regarding the discussion between Mr. Alley 

 and Dr. Callup (page. .519) where Mr. Alley 

 «ays that a colony will not rear a good (|ueen 

 when there is a fertile queen present, I must 

 say that bv mv experience he is entirely mis- 

 taken- because if that is true I have not a 

 good queen in any of my colonies, for they 

 are all reared that way. I)y Nature's unchange- 

 able law, which has seemed to be best, with 

 the exception of one which I got April 20, 

 1901 from an Ohio breeder, and I do not know 

 how she was reared, and yet I have first-class 

 queens, and have several colonies each of 

 which have tilled 3 supers of 28 pounds of 

 honey since July. 



It was a very unfavorable season, very wet 

 and cold up to the time of basswood flow, and 

 they even worked in frequent drizzling show- 

 Four years ago I had a queen whose col- 

 ony tilled seven 24-pound supers— which I can 

 prove by my neighbors— and this queen was 

 reared during swarming-time. and there was a 

 fertile queen present in the hive. I had her 

 almost li years, and she was as active and 

 prolific the last year as the first. I still have 

 several of her daughters that are 4 and .) years 

 old and I doubt if Mr. Alley has any queen 

 that he can match with her, in proliHcness 

 and honey-gathering qualities. 



1 am .V2 years old. and have worked among 

 bees since childhood, and have often wondered 

 how it was possible for Mr. Queen-Breeder to 

 rear good, prolific queens in a nucleus with 

 only a handful of bees. 



My father was a capable and experienced 

 bee-keeper in Germanj, and his bees brought 

 him up from being a poor man to a well-to-do 



LanQSiroilion... 



Tll6H0I16l)B66 



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144 & 146 Erie Street, 



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man. liut he never tried to rear a queen by 

 any artificial way. but always followed Na- 

 ture's way. Ami now romes Mr. Alley, wbo 

 claims he can lieat Nature's plan. I would 

 like to refer him to a certain man who 

 was always tindint: defects in Nature and try- 

 ing- to improve on her, and he eouUl not un- 

 derstand why a .'imall acorn could grow on a 

 big tree, and a large pumpkin jjrow on a 

 slender vine; and on a warm day he laid down 

 in the shade of a large oak-tree to sleep, and 

 as it happened an acorn loosened by the wind 

 fell down, striking him on the head and wak- 

 ino- him up. Springing to his feet, he ex- 

 claimed, ■■ Oh, how could I have such a fool- 

 ish idea about Nature, for had it been a pump- 

 kin instead of an acorn that struck me I 

 would not Ije standing on my feet now." 



Here is my advice to Ijeginners; J.'i-ki- 

 yiiiir uuu, ijiiivtix from a good, prolific mother, 

 during the swarming impulse, and you will be 

 certain to haveciueens perfect in all particu- 

 lars. Why should we send away for queens 

 when (as I have I we find them to be almost 

 worthless, with the exception of the one I got 

 from Ohio; , .. 



Now, if Mr. Alley claims he can rear better 

 queens' by the force method, then he must 

 have proof tor what he says on page ol!), that, 

 there is quite a difl'erence between artificial 

 and forced methods in rearing queens, or- this 

 statement is false, for if a colony is going to 

 swarm the bees know well enough that the 

 queen leaves too. and that they must have an- 

 other or they will be destroyed. If it were as 

 Mr Alley says it is, do it as you please, they 

 would not prepare queen-cells beforehand, 

 and protect them so carefully. 



Now, the proofs that I have for my method 

 of rearing good queens are: , , , , 



1st —That the old mother's whole duty and 

 care is centered on the welfare of the old col- 

 ony, else she would lay drone-eggs in the 

 queen-cells, for it is very hard for her to leave 

 her old home. , ., ., 



•2nd —That the old mother deposits the eggs 

 with more care in the queen-cells than in 

 the other cells, for this is proven by the young- 

 queens hatching at regular intervals, that is, a 

 certain length of time between them. 



M -That a queen-cell has a different shape 

 or form inside from any other cell. This 

 proves that Nature means to produce a per- 

 fectly shaped, perfectly formed, healthy, 

 strong, and prolific mother-bee. 



Now. this is no new method, that Mr.Alley 

 claims that he has in his head (but which he 

 is careful enough not to explain), but an old 

 old rule, followed by Nature for ages and 

 aires Let us follow her, too. for she knows 

 what is best. H. B. Stumpe. 



Stephenson Co., 111., Sept. lo. 



Very ShoFt Honey Crop. 



We have just taken oil: our honey, and 

 about one colony in five tilled a super. Fully 

 one-half are in a starving condition ; no in- 

 crease, and 1 will commence feeding at once 

 to prepare them (or winter. 



Last year the Bank here said they paid out 

 tor honey. $30,000; this year P. ears is all 



there is 



J. F. Bkoadbent. 



Boulder Co., Colo., Sept. 20. 



Not a Heavy Surplus. 



Our surplus honey crop will not be as heavy 

 as expected; the wet weather continuing so- 

 long, just a few days of good work, then tlie 

 frosts of the 11th and 12th cut them short. All 

 except my very late swarms go into winter 

 with full supplies. S. F. DRINNIN. 



I'latte Co., Nebr., Sept. io. 



A Fair Honey Crop. 



^Tatii^pleased to be able to report a fair 

 honev crop, the first one in three years. I 

 have about lio pounds of comb and (O pounds 

 of extracted honey per colony. j . CD 



Those that run tlieir bees in a haphazard 

 manner, or rather let them run themselves, 

 c'ot very little honey. They don't read the 

 newspapers-don't need to ! They kijow 

 more than the writers or editors do. When 

 we have a good year they all go wild, and 



