70 MODERN HORSEMANSHIP. 



this lesson, but it is seldom that any horse requires 

 a repetition. 



The horse should never be punished with whip 

 or spur. Those aids should be looked upon as the 

 means by which the rider conveys his orders, and 

 the animal should not wince or struggle when they 

 are threatened or applied. 



The trainer should remember that nearly all the 

 resistances of young horses arise from ignorance of 

 what is required of them, and he should take great 

 care to show the horse what is demanded of it before 

 he thinks of correct! nof it for a fault. 



A horse trained accordinQf to the method I have 

 offered should, and I am convinced will, render 

 immediate obedience to its rider. 



The horse in training, as at all times, should 

 be kept in regular exercise. During the suppling 

 lessons, it should be longed upon the cavesson rein. 

 The cavesson is a sovereign remedy for nervous- 

 ness or restlessness. The reader will see from the 

 print that the cavesson is a head-collar, having a 

 metal nose-band upon the front and each side of 

 which are rings for reins. I do not use a bit in 

 exercising horses upon the longe, but I fasten the 

 side reins to buckles upon each side of the surcingle, 

 and put the longe-line in the ring on the front of 

 the nose-band. 



