90 MODERN HORSEMANSHIP. 



In a similar manner, the man, standing upon the 

 rieht side of the horse, with the reins in his riMit 

 hand and the whip in his left hand, will cause the 

 croup to be carried to the left about the right fore- 

 leg as a pivot. 



When the horse has been thoroughly exercised 

 in these lessons, the trainer will mount, and proceed 

 to transfer the powers of the whip to the heels. 



To collect the hind-legs 2inder the body of the 

 mounted horse, the rider will take such a tension 

 upon the reins with his left hand as insures him 

 against a forward movement, and with the whip 

 held behind his back give a few light taps upon the 

 horse's rump while his heels close gently against 

 the animal's sides. When the hind-legs are moved 

 a little under the body the whip taps should cease, 

 the hand should let the forehand advance to an 

 easy position, and the legs of the rider should be 

 withdrawn from the flanks. Occasionally the horse 

 may be extended under the rider, by the application 

 of the whip under the fore-arms, as that exercise 

 will assist in suppling and in strengthening the 

 back ; but this extension should not be practised 

 too frequently, nor to such an extent as to risk 

 straining the muscles of the loins. By gradual 

 lessons the horse should be made to carry the hind- 

 legs further under the body until they nearly 



