138 MODERN HORSEMANSHIP. 



or the horse will become heavy and constrained in 

 action. 



In these exercises upon the circles the horse may 

 be made to change from travers right to travers left 

 (and from travers left to travers right) by being 

 brought to a half-halt, the change made in the gallop 

 while the forehand is carried over so that the body 

 of the horse will be perfectly across the paths for 

 the new movement, and the travers in gallop re- 

 sumed in the opposite direction, before the animal 

 becomes heavy and disunited. 



The diameters of the circumferences about which 

 these movements in the travers in gallop are made 

 will in time be reduced until the croup passes about 

 a circle so small that the inner hind-foot treads 

 on a central spot, and we shall have the pirouette 

 volte. 



The demi-pirotiette volte will then be demanded 

 from the gallop on a single path in a straight line, 

 in the following manner. The horse being in, say, 

 gallop right, the rider on reaching the point where 

 the turn is to be made will demand a half-halt, 

 retire his right shoulder, throw back the weights to 

 keep the croup in place, carry the forehand about, 

 and resume the gallop back over the line upon 

 which the horse has just passed. By practice the 

 half-halt can be so much reduced as to be barely 



