XIII 



BONES AND JOINTS 



183 



FIG. zoo. Skull of a Flathead Indian child 

 (Zuppke). 



Often the clothing may be the cause of physical 

 deformity. Tight bands at the wrists of the growing 

 child are sure to re- 

 sult in a deformed 

 bone. Tight lacing 

 about the waist when 

 young will perma- 

 nently deform the 

 chest, diminish the 

 capacity of the lungs, 

 and push out of place 

 the abdominal and 

 pelvic organs. The 

 feet become tender and deformed by wearing tight and 

 otherwise unhygienic shoes. 



There is a tribe of Indians inhabiting the mountains 

 of Idaho known as the " Flatheads," because they band- 

 age the head of every young child in such a way that it 

 becomes permanently long and flat. The Chinese think 



it fashionable for ladies to have 

 small feet. They secure this 

 by tightly bandaging the feet 

 of the little girls. Among the 

 ignorant and superstitious sav- 

 age and heathen people there 

 may be some excuse for thus 

 deforming the body, marring 

 - its beauty, and impairing its 

 vigor, but among civilized and 



FlG. 101. Foot of a Chinese 



woman (Zuppke). enlightened nations the fash- 



