XXI FIRST AID IN ACCIDENTS AND EMERGENCIES 323 



artery, when the blood is bright red in color and the flow 

 is in jets or spurts. (2) It may be from a vein, when the 

 blood is slightly darker in color and the flow is steady 

 and continuous. (3) It maybe from ruptured capillaries, 

 when the blood is red in color and the flow is very slow, 

 the blood simply oozing from the wound. If the bleed- 

 ing spot is not too large the most effective way to stop 

 it temporarily is to press the thumb and fingers, or a 

 piece of cotton wool, firmly into the wound. 



If the bleeding is from an artery, tie a large hard knot 

 in a handkerchief, and place the knot directly upon the 

 artery at any convenient point be- 

 tween the heart and the bleeding 

 end. Tie the handkerchief loosely 

 and twist a stick as shown in the 

 figure until the artery is completely 

 compressed. If the bleeding is 

 from a vein, it is sufficient to raise 

 the part up and place a pad of 

 cotton wool or a clean cloth on the 

 wound and, after applying warm 



FIG. 164. Checking the 



water, bandage it up tightly. If flow of blood from an 

 the bleeding is from capillaries, the artery ( Zu PP ke )- 

 bandage just mentioned will usually be sufficient to check 

 the flow immediately. If the loss of blood is likely to 

 prove dangerous, send for a physician. 



238. Nose Bleeding. Nose bleeding is not uncommon 

 among children, and, as a rule, it is not serious. If, how- 

 ever, it should continue too long or occur too frequently, 

 it would be necessary to check it. A simple method is 



