THE ROOTS OF GRAPE VINES. 191 



2d. The base of the column being laid, the circle 

 for the brickwork of it must then be accurately marked 

 out ; after which, the first course of bricks is to be laid 

 flatwise, so that their inner ends may point to the cen- 

 tre of the circle, and their outer ones form the periphe- 

 ry of it. Half bricks will be sufficiently strong, pro- 

 vided that at four equally distant parts of the circle, 

 in every course, a whole brick be laid, which will 

 strengthen the work and make it firm. Half 

 bricks, while the cost of them is much less, will 

 not require so much cutting as whole ones, and they 

 will, also, leave a greater space inside of the column 

 for the reception of the materials. The first circular 

 course being laid, the interior is to remain as it is, hol- 

 low. 



3d. Now mark the exact spot in this course where 

 the shoot of the vine is to go through the brickwork, 

 and this should be opposite the centre of one of the 

 sides of the base, that faces either the south, or east, 

 or any intermediate point. This spot being marked, 

 the second course of bricks is to be laid as before, ob- 

 serving that, as the shoot of the vine is to go through 

 here, a semicircular hole is to be made in the upper 

 surface of the brickwork, of an inch and a half in di- 

 ameter, to form a passage for the shoot. The second 

 course being laid, a sufficient quantity of materials to 

 fill the column, of the description already mentioned, 

 (see page 177,) having been previously provided and 

 properly prepared, the hollow space is now to be filled 

 with them as high as the surface of the brickwork. 

 They must be put in by the hand, and placed closely 

 and compactly together. 



4th. Now plant the vine, observing the directions 

 respecting ihe roots given at p. 183, which are to be 

 strictly followed. The vine should be a strong plant 

 three years old. It is to be laid on its side, with its 



