is possible that S. x pyramidata requires 

 open, mineral soils for seed germination. 



b. HERBIVORY: Unknown. 



H. LAND OWNERSHIP 



1. Bull River Campground (001) - Kaniksu National 



Forest, managed by the Kootenai National Forest. 



II. ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS 



A. THREATS TO CURRENTLY KNOWN POPULATIONS 



1. GRAZING: Grazing does not appear to be a threat 

 at Bull River Campground (001) , although this 

 species may be browsed by large herbivores. 



2. MINING: Not known. 



3. TIMBER HARVESTING: At Bull River Campground the 

 S. X pyramidata population has become established 

 where the overstory has been removed for a 

 powerline corridor. In areas where both parental 

 types are present, this type of disturbance may 

 actually aid in the establishment of S. x 

 pyramidata populations. 



4. WEED CONTROL ACTIVITIES: None known. 



B. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MAINTAINING VIABLE POPULATIONS: 

 The Bull River Campground S. x pyramidata population is 

 established in a powerline corridor. Clearing of 

 undergrowth along the corridor appears to occur at 

 regular intervals, and may be ceneficial in maintaining 

 habitat for this population. 



C. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER ASSESSMENT: The potential 

 habitat for S. x pyramidata is extensive (a powerline 

 corridor extends from Plains, Montana, west to at least 

 the Montana/Idaho border along the lower Clark Fork) , 

 and further surveys may reveal more populations. 



D. SUMMARY: A population of Spiraea x pyramidata at Bull 

 River Campground (001) was revisited in 1989. Only 

 three individuals were observed; however, it is not 

 easily discernible from its putative parental type S. 

 betulifolia var. lucida in the vegetative state, and it 

 is possible that more stems were actually present. 

 Both putative parental types (S. douqlasii and S. 

 betulifolia var. lucida ) were present, and episodes of 

 hybridization may continue. Much potential habitat for 



