38 The Canadian Forestry Journal. 



ing the southern boundary. This will not only make it easier 

 to move about on the reserve but it will serve as a fire line 

 from which back-firing may be done. 



Reforesting. 



The Department is making an attempt to reforest some 

 of the areas denuded by fire. From some experiments made 

 last spring, it would appear that this might be accomplishable 

 by putting down a few seeds with a handful of sand over them 

 at each place where we wish to have a forest tree. This was 

 tried on the Turtle Mountains and on the Spruce Woods Reserve. 

 In the former it was successful, in the latter unsuccessful. On 

 the Turtle Mountains the seed was thus placed under poplars 

 and among long grass. The following species were planted: 

 White Pine, Norway Pine, Jack Pine, Bull Pine, White Spruce, 

 Red Spruce, Colorado Blue Spruce, Engelmann Spruce and 

 Balsam. Among the poplars the seed was evidently taken by 

 birds, rodents or insects; but in the long grass every species 

 germinated, and just before snow-fall the trees were alive and 

 looking well. 



It is intended to carry on a variety of such experiments next 

 summer. For this purpose the forest ranger on the Spruce 

 Woods Reserve collected last fall 40 bushels of Spruce cones, the 

 ranger on the Cypress Hills 40 bushels of Lodgepole Pine, and a 

 party of foresters working on the Pines Reserve 50 bushels of 

 Jack Pine. These are the species with which we hope to achieve 

 success as they are the ones likely to prove hardy. 



We shall do our best to win along this line, because the 

 method of raising trees in nurseries until they are three or four 

 years old and then setting them out into the field is far too slow 

 and too expensive a method to count much towards meeting the 

 demand for wood that will develop on this continent during the 

 next hundred years. The nursery method is simply gardening. 

 It is a good method for the farmer's wood-lot. Foresters should, 

 however, seek for a method commensurate to the needs of the 

 Government lands. In the meantime, however, we are not 

 despising the gardening method even on the reserves. We may 

 be forced to use it, and next spring we shall start some seed 

 beds. In fact 35,000 trees have already been planted on the 

 Spruce Woods Reserve, from stock raised at the Forestry Farm 

 at Indian Head. 



Removal of Squatters. 



A large number of people, mostly foreigners, had located 

 and started farming operations upon the reserves, expecting 

 some time in some way, political or otherwise, they would be 

 permitted to make entry for the places they occupied. The 



