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Canadian Forestry Journal. 



applying the water too late in the season 

 in case the trees keep on growing late in 

 the fall and we have trouble from frost. 

 Water should never be applied after 

 July 1st. Fall irrigation has latterly 

 been found safest, and some of the best 

 men now thoroughly soak their planta- 

 tions just before the freeze -up in the fall, 

 and cultivate in the following summer in 

 the usual way. This insures abundance 

 of moisture in the growing season and 

 gives excellent results, while it has the 

 merit of being quite safe. 



The Public Schools. 

 One interesting feature of the tree 

 planting movement is the attitude which 

 some of the school districts are beginning 

 to take towards it. Several of these 

 have already taken advantage of the 

 assistance afforded by the Forestry 

 Branch with very good results, and it is 

 to be hoped that there will be quite an 

 extension of this kind of planting in the 

 future. This is work that is well worth 

 encouraging and shows a proper ap- 

 preciation on the part of the trustees of 

 the fact that the school is the social 

 centre of the district in which it is 

 situated, and if the tastes of the children 

 are to be influenced by their surround- 

 ings, no better way of directing these 

 tastes could well be devised than by 

 surrounding the school grounds with 

 trees. For best results, however, it 

 would be well for them to remember 

 that at least two acres of ground are 

 necessary, though three would be better. 



We have seen how important it is to 

 establish wide belts in the drier parts of 

 the country; and one acre, which is the 

 usual area secured for school grounds, is 

 far too small. The larger area is neces- 

 sary to allow for the plantation being 

 set back a suitable distance from the 

 buildings to avoid trouble from snow- 

 drift, and when allowance is made for a 

 sufficient width of plantation, there is 

 not much room for playground or 

 demonstration plots. Not very many 

 school districts have taken this matter 

 up so far, but what has been done is 

 only another indication of the place that 

 tree planting is beginning to take 

 throughout the land. School inspectors 

 and the Departments of Education have 

 been encouraging tree planting a great 

 deal and it is to be hoped that in a very 

 few years the school that has not a belt 

 of trees sheltering its grounds will be a 

 very rare exception. 



Thus on all hands, from public in- 

 stitutions and individual farmers, tree 

 planting on the prairies is receiving more 

 and more attention as time goes on. 

 Already a good deal has been done and 

 plantations are beginning to show up 

 against the level line of the prairie 

 horizon and making a pleasant variety 

 in the monotony of the landscape, but 

 the region requiring to be planted is 

 very long and very wide and there still 

 remains an immense amount of work to 

 be done before every farm is furnished 

 with the number of trees it ought to 

 have. 



The Forest Trees of Canada. 



The list of trees given below includes only those native to Canada; hence 

 it will be noticed that a number of familiar trees, such as the Norway Spruce 

 and English hawthorn, are not included. 



The scientific names have as far as possible been brought into accordance 

 with the rules adopted by the International Botanical Congress, held at Vienna 

 in 1905. For the eastern trees the names given in the seventh edition of Gray's 

 Manual of Botany have been adopted, and for the western species Piper's 

 "Flora of Washington" has been the general guide. The popular names given 

 aeree very largely with those adopted in the "Checklist of the Forest Trees of 

 the United States," by Mr. G. B. Sudworth (U. S. F. S. Bulletin No. 17). 



As to the distinction between trees and shrubs Dr. C. S. Sargent's "Silva 

 of North America" (Boston, 1890-1902) has been followed. In this connection 

 may be quoted Dr. Sargent's definition of "trees" as "all woody plants which 

 grow up from the ground with a single stem, excluding all such as habitually 

 branch at the ground into a number of stems, whatever size or height they 

 attain" (see preface, Vol. I, page viii). 



