1822 



Canadian Forestry Journal, August, 1918 



encoiiraijement or public approi)ria- 

 tions direrled towards research work. 

 The best that parliament could do 

 at its last session was to try to make 

 a jest of the Dominion Honorary 

 Council for Industrial and Scientific 

 Research, and to slice down its ap- 

 propriation to a f}uite insufficient 

 minimum. So we find in many 

 fields that while the outside world 

 has left many branches of our nation- 

 al activities far behind, banquet 

 orators, purporting to represent im- 

 portant industries, insist on glorify- 

 ing the "practical" man and deriding 

 the expert who attempts to get 

 behind phenomena. 



The Brown Corporation. 

 Excellent examples of the profitable 

 conser|uences of industrial research 

 have come to hand in a list of in- 

 dustries which have sprung from the 

 original sawmill founded by the fath- 

 er of the present owners of the Brown 

 Corporation of Berlin Mills, N. H., 

 and La Tuque, Que. The sons of 

 the original owner began business 

 and might have continued to old age 

 with the initial equipment. They 

 preferred, however, to take advan- 

 tage of modern processes and market 

 demands, and soon built up a 

 group of mills for ground-wood pulp, 

 sulphite pulp and kraft pulp. Here 

 again, one might have expected the 

 "practical" paper maker to limit 

 his operations. Through the em- 

 ployment of a group of chemists, 

 one of whom is said to receive a larger 

 salarij than is paid to the entire staff 

 of the Dominion Forest Products 

 Laboratories at Montreal, the 

 waste materials of the mills were 

 so utilized as eventually to 

 establish a series of important in- 

 dustries maintained upon the other- 

 wise wasted by-products. The fol- 

 lowing list shows in proper sequence 

 some of the products derived in 

 commercial quantities from what 

 would ordinarily have been poured 

 into the rivers or thrown on the mill- 

 dump 

 Lumber 



Ground Wood Pulp 

 Sulphite Pulp 

 Kraft Pulp 



Kraft ]iipe 



Caustic Soda 



Chlorine 



Bleaching Powder 



Chloroform 



Carbon Tetra Chloride. 



Sulphur Chlorides 



Hydrochloric Acid 



Acetone 



Acetic Anhvdride 



"Kream Krisp" from Peanut Oil 



a cooking preparation. 

 Carbon bisulphide 



Alcohol hydrolysis 



Oxalic Acid 



Bark for fuel 



Slabs and Edgings for pulp 



Cottrell processon sulphate fumes. 



Leaving the Sawmill behind. 



Years ago the saw-mill was the 

 whole business with lumber as the 

 only product. As water power was 

 available, the manufacture of ground- 

 wood pulp was taken up. The more 

 technical process of sulphite pulp 

 manufacture followed later and has 

 expanded into the largest sulphite 

 pulp mill in the world. In recent 

 years the new Kraft Pulp process 

 was started in the company's Cana- 

 dian holdings at La Tuque, Que. 

 Most of this strong pulp is used for 

 the thin brown wrapping paper which 

 is so widely used at the present time. 

 An interesting development is the 

 manufacture-of Kraft pipe made by 

 reeling a wet sheet of paper into a 

 core, drying and impregnating with 

 asphaltum. This pipe is water-proof, 

 strong, resistant to many chemicals 

 and takes a thread like ordinary iron 

 pipe. 



For the bleaching of sulphite pulp, 

 large quantities of bleaching powder 

 are needed. It was not long before 

 the company undertook to make its 

 own bleach by the electrolysis of com- 

 mon salt. This operation gives 

 chlorine which forms bleaching pow- 

 der solution with milk of lime, caustic 

 soda which always finds a ready mar- 

 ket and hydrogen gas which is usually 

 a waste product. 



Chloroform secured. 

 In order to keep up the efficiency 

 of the cells it was found necessarv to 



