1834 



Canadian Forestry Journal, August, 1918 



little of the area is over 1,000 feet 

 in altitude. The climatic conditions 

 are not so bad as non-dwellers of the 

 tropics make them out to be. Be- 

 sides Para, a city of 200,000 people, 

 at the mouth of the Amazon, there 

 are Alanads, a city of 80,000 people 

 nearly 1,000 miles inland, and Iquitos, 

 Peru, with about 20,000 inhabitants, 

 about 2,500 miles inland. These 

 cities now all have modern sanitarv 



conditions and are otherwise modern. 

 Yellow fever is practically a thing of 

 the past. So far, a single forest 

 product, rubber, has been the prin- 

 cipal source of revenue for the region. 

 Next to coffee it leadsall others in the 

 value of the exports of Brazil. The 

 lumber industry is practically un- 

 developed. Only a small amount of 

 lumber for local use and export is 

 cut and some is imported. 



The Forests of New Zealand 



By Sir William Schlich 



Forest including scrub, originally 

 covered the greater part of the islands, 

 but its area has gradually been re- 

 duced. In 1886 the area under for- 

 est amounted to 33,120 square miles, 

 and in 1909 to 26,678 square miles, 

 being a reduction of 6,442 square 

 miles, equal to 20 per cent., in 23 

 years. In 1909 the proprietorship of 

 the forests stood as follows: — 



Crown forests, 12 per cent, of 

 total area, 12,357 sq. miles. 



Permanent reserves, 3 per cent of 

 total area, 3,298 sq. miles. 



Alienated forests, 11 per cent, of 

 total area, 11,023 sq. miles. 



Total, 26 per cent, of total area, 

 26,678 sq. miles. 



It will be seen that 59 per cent, of 

 the forest area is still the property 

 of the State, and that 41 per cent, 

 have been alienated, or is Maori 

 owned. 



The output of timber in 1913 

 amounted to about 358 million super- 

 ficial feet. The implorts and exports 

 in 1913 were as follows: 



Imports, 33,484,952 superficial 

 feet, value £303,012. Exports, 

 value £319,650. 



As regards value, the two items are, 

 practically, the same. It is necessary 

 to point out here that the value of the 

 imports per 100 superficial feet came 

 to just over 18s. The imports con- 

 sist chiefly of Eucalypts from Aus- 

 tralia, especially iron-bark and jarrah 

 coniferous timber from the United 

 States, Canada, and the coun- 



tries around the Baltic. The exports 

 were chiefly kahikatea, kauri, rimu 

 and beech. 



Future Management 

 As stated above, the output in 

 1913 amounted to about 358 million 

 superficial feet. Experience has 

 shown that the requirements of the 

 Dominion are steadily increasing, and 

 it has been estimated that they will 

 have risen to double the present 

 amount, or 720 million superficial 

 feet, in the year 1945, by which time 

 the present stock of milling timber 

 would be exhausted. This conclus- 

 sion was based on the assumption 

 that the population would be doubled 

 by 1945, and that the increment of 

 the forests was far too slow to keep- 

 pace with the annual cuttings. Start- 

 ing from these premises, the seriousne 

 ness of the position was recognised 

 some time ago, and already in 1896 

 an Ordinance was passed inaugurat- 

 ing a system of State nurseries and 

 plantations, so as to make the coun- 

 try self-sufficient in the future. Un- 

 der this Ordinance, operations were 

 at once commenced, and by 1909 an 

 area of 12,715 acres had been planted 

 with a great variety of exotic species. 



Some of the worst forest fires in • 



Canada this year were caused by picnic | 



parties neglecting to extinguish their j 



camp fires. | 



Never leave a camp fire until it is 1 



Dead Out! ! 



^ 



