Canadian Forestry Journal, September, 1918 



1875 



limber trees, both individually and in 

 forest stands, to permit calculalion 

 of possible quantity of reproduction. 

 This work would include the con- 

 struction of volume tables. 



In discussing these recommenda- 

 tions, it should be pointed out that 

 some of this work has been done, 

 both in Canada and elsewhere. For 

 example, the Commission of Con- 

 servation has completed valuable 

 investigations on the timber of British 

 Columbia and Nova Scotia. The 

 study of the rate of reproduction 

 etc., of trees in Europe has also been 

 undertaken, and in the United States 

 certain investigations have been made 

 on similar topics for American trees. 

 As regards the species that are com- 

 mon to the United States and Canada, 

 the results obtained by American 

 study would, of course, be partly 

 aj)plicable; but it must be remem- 

 bered that climatic and soil con- 

 ditions of Canada, owing to its 

 higher latitude, are factors that ren- 

 der rather uncertain information 

 derived from investigations carried 

 on abroad. 



In consequence of the recommenda- 

 tions made by the advisory board of 

 the Department of the Interior, the 

 director of the Forestry Branch 

 brought the matter to the attention 

 of the Research Council. It was 

 proposed that these investigations be 

 made on the Petawawa Military 

 Reserve, a part of which, only. 25 

 square miles in extent, is used for 

 military purposes, the remaining 80 

 square miles being therefore available 

 for forestry studies. This is part 

 of an old cut-over timber district, on 

 which a second forest has begun to 

 develop, and the timber on it at a 

 stage of growth that renders it suit- 

 able for the proposed study. Recog- 

 nizing the importance of the subject, 

 the research council recommended 

 that a grant should be given to carry 

 out the investigation during the 

 summers in 1917 and the following 

 years. Consequently, in August, 

 1917, a preliminary survey was made 

 on the reserve by a forest survey 

 party and valuable results were ob- 

 tained. In May, 1918, the work was 

 recommenced and is now proceeding 

 satisfactorily. 



Canada and the ''Idea of Science 



y> 



"This question is one of para- 

 mount importance to Canada in view 

 of the intensified application of science 

 to industry which elsewhere will be 

 fostered after the war by the State, 

 and also through private enterprise. 

 It has been ascertained that not 

 two per cent, of Canadian industrial 

 concerns have research laboratories 

 and only about ten per cent, have 

 routing laboratories, chiefly for the 

 elementary testing of materials. 



"The provision for research, either 

 in pure science or in science applied 

 to industry, has been and is utterly 

 inadequate to our needs, and unless 

 vigorous action be taken, and soon, 

 to reorganize our industries on scien- 

 tific lines, wherever possible, Canada 

 will face a very serious industrial 

 crisis in the years following the war. 



The annual budget of the Massachu- 

 setts Institute of Technology exceeds 

 the total of the annual expenditure of 

 all the Faculties of Applied Scienct 

 in Canada."— />. .1. B. Macallum, 

 Chairman Honorarij Advisory Council 

 of Scientific and Industrial Research. 



PULP AND PAPER ON TOP. 



Canada now has a total of 90 pulp 

 and paper mills, many of which are 

 large and of modern design. The 

 export figures for the calendar year 

 1916 show that pulpwood, w^ood pulp 

 and paper have increased to nearly 

 half of the total export value (ap- 

 proximately $100;000,000) of all for- 

 est products with the exception of the 

 small proportion of specially manu- 

 factured articles. 



