1914 



Canadian Forestry Journal, November, 1918 



centrated in areas near the villages 

 there would have been litUeit.any, 

 loss of life. In each place there 

 would have been several sections of 

 cultivated farms and a community 

 of good progressive citizens. There 

 is need for a clean-cut land policy to 

 direct settlement. 



The attitude of the judiciary has 

 not been the best. Justices and muni- 



cipal judges have been slow to enforce 

 the forest law. 



There has been insufficient co-op- 

 eration by railroad and lumber com- 

 panies in fire prevention work. 



Penalties for violations of the 

 forest laws are too light, and the 

 laws are weak in certain other re- 

 spects. 



Whif Aeroplanes Need Spruce 



Many have doubtless been puzzled 

 over statements that the airplane 

 output was limited by the output of 

 spruce. Engineering and Contract- 

 ing elucidates: 



"The average airplane contains 

 less than 170 feet board measure of 

 spruce. An ultimate monthly out- 

 put of 10,000 airplanes would there- 

 fore involve only 1,700,000 feet— a 

 really small quantity of lumber. 

 Then why was there a shortage of 

 airplane slock? Until very recently 

 it required 70 feet of timber in the 

 tree to furnish one foot in an airplane. 

 About 15 per cent, of the timber in 

 the tree was clear enough and suf- 

 ficiently straight-grained to be suit- 

 able for airplane stock, and less than 

 10 per cent, of the stock was used in 

 the finished plane. However, about 

 20 per cent, of the stock is now used, 

 and the engineers hope to increase 

 this to 30" per cent. The Sitka 

 spruce of northern California, Oregon, 

 and Washington supplies 95 per cent, 

 of the lumber used by our Govern- 

 ment and its Allies for flying-ma- 

 chines. This spruce is lighter and 

 more resilient than anv other timber 



Mr. B. II. Campbell, Director 

 of the Dominion Forest Branch is 

 still in the hospital at V^ innipeg, but 

 is improving nicely. 



available in large quantities, being 

 fully 10 per cent, superior to Douglas 

 fir. Less than a year ago the Spruce 

 Production Division of the United 

 States Signal Corps began organizing 

 the spruce-lumbering industry. There 

 were only 3,000 men in the spruce 

 camps of Oregon and Washington 

 last November where now there are 

 10,000. Some $3,500,000 worth of 

 logging engines, wire rope, and steel 

 rails were secured for use in these 

 logging-camps, and a hundred mills 

 are engaged in sawing the lumber. 

 Recently the head of the German 

 aviation forces told German reporters 

 that America's talk about producing 

 50,000 airplanes before the end of 

 the year was only another sample of 

 American bluff. It is well that he 

 thinks so. Our output of these 

 machines is fast reaching a rate that 

 will be quite as amazing to the 

 Germans as our ship building output 

 has become. Liberty motors, spruce, 

 and other airplane essentials have 

 already reached 'quantity-produc- 

 tion' rates, and will be delivered 

 according to a schedule that provides 

 ultimately for 100,000 flying machines 

 annually." 



Lieut. Wm. Kiblij of the Royal 

 Air Force is now completing his 



course of training in Canada, as 

 pilot. He was formerly fire inspector 

 for the Canadian Northern Railway, 

 and secured a commission with one 

 of the battnlions of Highlanders, 

 being afterwards transferred to the 

 Royal Air Force, where he had ex- 

 perience in France as an observer. 



