Canadian Forestry Journal, December, 1918 



1983 



lion of the quantity, quality and 

 value of the timber on any area, 

 from which the stumpage vakie may 

 l)e determined. It will show the 

 quantity and quality of species now 

 of little commercial importance be- 

 cause of lack of market demand, and 

 possibly it may show that these species 

 can be marketed profitably, or where 

 quantity justifies it, to induce indus- 

 tries utilizing these inferior species 

 to operate within the province, thus 

 profitably utilizing material which is 

 at present going to w^aste. 



(2) The estimate of the annual 

 growth will determine whether or not 

 the annual cut can be increased, or 

 whether to perpetuate the industry 

 restrictions should be placed on cer- 

 tain species to regulate the cut. 



(3) The information on soils will 

 permit of directing agricultural settle- 

 ment to districts offering the greatest 

 prospect of success, thus protecting 



\ both the future settler and the 

 licensee. 



Value in Fire Prevention. 



(4) In what way will this Forest 

 Survey beneilt Forest Fire Protec- 

 tion in New Brunswick? 



First of all we have an excellent 

 base plan from which to build our 

 Poorest Protection plan. Our map 

 will show all passable portages, all 

 old portages, and trails, all roads pass- 

 able for wagons, and all roads passable 

 for automobiles: it will show all 

 telephone lines, all canoeable streams, 

 all camps, the location of all green 

 timber, burned areas, bad slashes, 

 and dangerous points, possible look- 

 out stations, area visible from them, 

 prssible observation points and areas 

 visible from them. 



From the network of portages and 

 canoeable streams we can plan an 

 elTicient system of control; we can 

 see clearly where the tool caches are 

 most needed, where look-outs will be 

 most beneficial. When fires do occur 

 it will show the Forest Ranger where 

 the heavier timber is, and whether 

 the fire is being blown towards timber, 

 a swamp, a heavy slash, and many 

 of the things he needs to know at once. 

 The plans will also show the areas 

 of most danger, where the most of the 



recent burns have occurred, etc. 

 Our Chiefs of Party are instructed to 

 collect all local kno\\ ledge available 

 regarding all matters of fire protection 

 and to prepare a plan of patrol wheth- 

 er by auto, saddle horse, canoe or by 

 foot as the case may be, showing the 

 location of possii)le lookout towers, 

 observation posts, tool caches, where 

 fire permits will be necessary to pro- 

 tect the timber from settlers clearing 

 fires, and where the public opinion 

 is so far advanced as to give excellent 

 fire protection at the present time 

 without further development. Our 

 reports will show where debris has 

 accumulated near public highways, 

 railroads and settlements, which 

 should be burned in order to avoid 

 a great fire risk to even human life 

 as well as property. You will see 

 from this that the Forest map of New 

 Brunswick will undoubtedly be of 

 greatest value in planning a compre- 

 hensive and efficient fire protection 

 system. 



Mapping by Aeroplane. 



The great development in the use 

 of the so-called "flying machine" 

 during the last four years gives rise 

 to the expectation that most of our 

 forest fire patrol work will eventually 

 be done by this method, and further 

 it is not unreasonable to expect that 

 before our survey is completed many 

 of our rivers and lakes will be mapped 

 by the highly developed aerial photo- 

 graphy. 



The figures already compiled ])y 

 the Forest Survey have shown an 

 enormous loss to the Province of New^ 

 Brunswick by forest fires. This 

 startUng fact, together with the act- 

 ive influence of the Canadian Forestry 

 Association and the Commission of 

 Conservation, resulted in the passing 

 of the new Forest Fires law which 

 was designed to assist in preventing 

 the recurrence of so great a national 

 disaster. 



The Fire Permit system of regu- 

 lating settlers burning slash as pro- 

 vided under the new fire law^ is re- 

 cognized as one of the most impor- 

 tant advances in Forest Protection 

 and although this law was in force 

 for only a short time during the past 



