12 



Canadian I'c-t-'i'rij Journal. Jan.-Feh., 1912. 



their cars, were forced to go to the south- 

 ern states for most of it, and also send a 

 man to follow the order up. He thought 

 the forestry movement should have been 

 started years ago, and criticized the gov- 

 ernment in regard to its attitude to forest 

 fires, especially along the line of the In- 

 tercolonial railway. His efforts to get the 

 Intercolonial to assist in the protection of 

 his lands from fire had been without re- 

 sult, and as a result they had burned ujd 

 about half of his timber. In the Maritime 

 Provinces the railway's were the most de- 

 structive agency, then the fishermen and 

 then the settlers clearing land. He had 

 himself ordered trees from Germany and 

 was about to try reforestration work. 



Mr. N. S. Dunlop replied on behalf of 

 the railways. He believed the C. P. R. 

 would co-operate in any measures that 

 would tend to keep down the fires along 

 the railways. He had been himself try- 

 ing to instil ideas of conservation into the 

 employees of the C. P. E. 



The singing of the National Anthem 

 men closed the banquet. 



Thursday Morning. 



The session of Thursday opened at ten 

 o'clock. 



Mr. N. M. Ross, Chief of the Tree Plant- 

 ing Division of the Forestry Branch, open- 

 ed the program with a short account of the 

 work done by the Forestry Branch in the 

 free distribution of trees to the farmers 

 on the prairies. He explained the regula- 

 tions and touched on the results of the dis- 

 tribution. He favored the establishment 

 of a Dominion laboratory especially with 

 a view to the conducting experiments in 

 wood preservation. 



Mr. R. D. Prettie, Chief Forestry In- 

 spector for the C. P. R., touched on the 

 question of the work being done by the 

 C. P. R., especially at the timber preser- 

 vation plant connected with that corpor- 

 ation. 



Dr. C. Gordon Hewitt outlined the work 

 being carried on by the Department of 

 Entomology of the Central Experimental 

 Farm, with special reference to the Larch 

 Sawfly and the Spruce Budworm. 



Mr. Gifford Pinchot's Address. 



Dr. Pinchot was received with hearty 

 applause. In the commencement of his 

 address he referred briefly to the anomal- 

 ous position which the IJ. S. Forest Ser- 

 vice occupied before 190.5, when the for- 

 ests were all administered by the Depart- 

 ment of the Interior, while the foresters 

 were all in the Department of Agriculture. 

 Prior to the change political influence had 

 played a considerable part in appointments 

 to the executive force controlling forests. 



Mr. Gifford Pinchot. 



The first mistake they had thus made was 

 to allow political considerations to enter 

 into appointments. Under President 

 Roosevelt, however, entrance to the Forest 

 Service was made subject to passing an 

 examination. 



The first jsrinciple on which a successful 

 forest service must be based was that of 

 absolute freedom from political control in 

 the making of appointments — a point he 

 had been glad to hear the Premier favor 

 on the preceding evening. 



The second principle to be followed in 

 forming an efficient service was that the 

 men must be trained. The most practical 

 men in the end were those who came into 

 the service with scientific training and 

 then got the practical experience. 



The third principle was that the admin- 

 istration of the forest must be given 

 enough money. Even yet the U. S. For- 

 est Service had not obtained an appropria- 

 tion sufficiently large to carry out neces- 

 sary work. 



In the United States they had to meet 

 a demand for the surrender to the states 

 in the west of not only the forests, but 

 also the water-powers within their bound- 

 aries. Men with offices in New York and 

 Chicago were especially anxious that the 

 natural resources of states such as Nevada, 

 Oregon and Colorado shoiild be turned over 

 to state control. From the conservationist 

 standpoint federal control was preferable 

 because the smaller legislatures were more 

 easily controlled by the special interests. 

 'Federal control of national resources 



