84 MINERALS AND GEOLOGY 



"stocks." Also in the form of black sand. H = 5.5-6.5; sp. gr. 

 4.9 - 5.2. BB, on charcoal, infusible, but a fine splinter in the for- 

 ceps may be rounded at the point. One hundred parts of the mineral 

 contain: Oxygen 27.6, Iron 72.4 (or, oxide of iron 31.03, sesqui- 

 oxide 68.07). 



This ore, the most valuable of all the ores of iron, occurs in great 

 quantity, and of good quality, in numerous localities of the Lauren- 

 tian area of Canada. It is usually found in the form of large 

 " stocks " or irregular masses, mostly associated with pyroxene, and 

 in contact, as pointed out by Sir William Logan, with crystalline 

 limestones of the Laurentian Series ; but it occurs also interstratified 

 with gneissoid and schistose strata of the same group, and in grains 

 and small masses scattered through these rocks. Sometimes, like- 

 wise, it forms true veins, traversing Laurentian strata. It occurs 

 also in beds amongst the altered Silurian rocks of the Eastern Town- 

 ships; and, in the form of sand (usually mixed with Iserine), it 

 belongs to comparatively recent deposits. 



The principal or more interesting Laurentian localities lie in the 

 following Townships : Hull and Templeton in Ottawa County 

 (several beds, one nearly 90 feet in thickness ; the ore, here and 

 there, mixed with layers of hematite, and also with scales of 

 graphite) ; Buckingham, in the same county (in crystalline masses in 

 broad feldspathic veins) ; Wentworth, Grenville, and Grandison, in 

 Argenteuil County ; Ross, in Renfrew County (in reticulating veins 

 in cryst. limestone) ; South Crosby (bed of 200 feet in thickness), 

 and Escott, in Leeds County ; South Sherbrooke, in Lanark County ; 

 Bedford, in Frontenac County ; Madoc, Elzevir, Marmora, Tudor, 

 Wollaston, Faraday, Herschel, etc., in Hastings County (many large 

 and valuable deposits, although intermixed here and there with 

 pyrites); Belmont, Cardiff, Monmouth, Glamorgan, Snowdon, Minden, 

 etc., in Peterborough and Haliburton Counties,* forming deposits of 

 great extent. Magnetic Iron Ore in cleavable masses, associated 

 with Hematite, occurs also near the mouth of the Little Pic River, 

 on the north shore of Lake Superior, and minute octahedrons are 

 sometimes observable amongst the layers of hematite from this region. 



The Eastern Townships of Sutton, Leeds, Bolton, Orford, &c., like- 

 wise possess deposits of magnetite, chiefly in masses and disseminated 



* Special localities in the Hastings, Peterborough and Haliburton district are given, with 

 analyses of the ores, in a paper by the author in Vol. III. of the Transactions of the Royal 

 Society of Canada. 



