192 WEST AFRICAN FORESTS AND FORESTRY 



The chief cultivated Leguminosse of the region are : Indigo, 

 Indigofera arrecta and other spp., Arachis hypogcea, Vigna sinensis 

 in numerous varieties, and Voandzeia subterranea. 



Rosacea mainly by Parinarium curatellcefoUum, to which may be 

 added P. polyandrum in the South and P. macrophyllum in the North. 



CoMBRETACEiE by several species of Terminalia, of which the com- 

 monest are the Baushe (of more than one species) and the Kandari, 

 T. macroptera ; more fully by a number of species of Combretum, which 

 are trees often gum-yielding, and very typically by the Marike, 

 Anogeissus leiocarpus. 



Myrtace^ by Eugenia Owariensis, a tree, and E. coronata, a shrub. 



Lythrace^ by the " henna " shrub, Lawsonia alba, and the weed 

 of damp places, Ammannia Senegalensis. 



Araliace^ by an interesting species, Cussonia Nigerica, a small 

 tree of peculiar habit. 



RuBiACE^ by Adina microcephala, a fair-sized tree by bush 

 streams ; by very numerous small trees and shrubs, e.g. Crossopteryx 

 Kotschyana, Sarcocephalus Russegeri, Pavetta Barteri, Feretia canthioides, 

 the Gardenia erubescens and the Gauden kura, G. lernifolia, the 

 Giyaiya, Mitragyne Africana, typical of the islets of foliage clothing 

 the grassy swamps, Moralia Senegalensis on stream-banks, and by more 

 humble but abundant species of Oldenlandia, Spermacoce, Octodon, etc. 



SAPOTACEiE by the Shea Butter Tree, Butyrospermum ParJcii, 

 probably the most characteristic member of the association. 



Ebenace.^ by the African Ebony, Diospyros mespiliformis. 



Apocynace^ typically by the arrow-poison woody climber Stro- 

 phanthus sarmentosus, which is ahvays wild, and S. hispidus, which is 

 generally planted near villages — both species called Kwankwanni ; 

 also by the more common and inferior rubber vine, Landolphia florida, 

 and shrubs Carissa edulis and Cryptolepis Nigritiana, the woody twiners 

 Toecazea Barteri and other spp., with numerous others. 



Asclepiadace^ by the very typical giant milkweed Tumfafiya, 

 Calotropis procera, probably always in association with man, the smaller 

 undershrub Asclepias lineolata, and several suffrutescent herbs with 

 tuberous and sometimes edible rootstocks of the genera Xysmalobium 

 and Schizoglossum. 



LoGANiACE.^ by Strychnos spinosa, 8. alnifolia, and S. triclisioides, 

 all shrubs or small trees. 



BoraCtINACE.3E by Cordia Abyssinica, a small tree, the undershrub 

 Trichodesma Africanum, three or four weeds of the genus Heliotro- 

 pium, etc. 



Bignoniace^ by Stereospermum Kunthianum, a small tree, and 

 the Aduruku, Netvbovldia Icevis, confined to towns and rarely more 

 than a tall, slender shrub ; the Rahaina or Rawuya, Kigtlia Mthiopica, 

 occurs, but in an interrupted distribution. 



