NIGERIA 195 



Risga, by odorous species of Ocimum and JEolanthus, e.g. the Dodoya, 

 Ocimum Americanum, the weed Acrocephalus polytrichus, and by 

 many common herbs of various other genera. 



Amaranthacece by the native spinage, Alayafu, Amaranthus cau- 

 datus, the Zaki banza, A. viridis, a wild species sometimes cultivated, 

 and by several of the common weeds found in other countries — Celosia 

 argentea, Pupalia lappacea, etc. 



Thymel^ace.^ by the poisonous Tururibi, LasiosypJion Kraussii, a 

 yellow-flowered, low, suffruticose plant with a woody rootstock, and 

 by two of three species of Gnidia. 



Aristolochiace^ by the twiner Aristolocliia albida. 



Laurace^ by the leafless twiner Cassytha Ouineensis. 



The Monocotyledonous Orders may be said to be represented as 

 follows : 



Hydrocharitace/e by the yellow-flowered aquatic herbs Ottelia 

 lancifolia and Boottia Abyssinica. 



Orchid ACE^ by a fair number of tuberous terrestrial orchids, of 

 which Lissochilus arenarius is the most typical, several Habenarias 

 and Eulophias, and a very few epiphytes, e.g. Ansellia Congoensis. 



Scitamine^ abundantly by Kosmpferia Mihiopica in open woods, 

 Costus afer in shady ravines, and Fitta, the food-wrapper leaf, 

 Clinogyne filipes, in streams, etc. 



IridacE/E by several species of Gladiolus, e.g. G. quartinianus, and 

 of Tritonia. 



Amaryllidace^ by Crinum yuccceflonim, the red-flowered HcBman- 

 ihus rupestris, Pancratium trianihum, and Curculigo Gallabatensis. 



Taccace^ by the tuberous Tacca involucrata. 



Dioscoreace^ by Dioscorea preJiensilis and other cultivated yams, 

 chiefly in the South or on pagan hills, and by some species which are 

 either wild or escapes. 



LiLiACE^ by several species of Urginea, e.g. U. Nigritiana, U. 

 Indica, etc., by other bulbous species of the genera Anthericum, Dip- 

 cadi, etc., by the climbing lily, Gloriosa superba, several species of 

 Chlorophytum, Aloe Barteri, and by prickly scramblers such as 

 Asparagus Pauli-Guilelmi, Smilax Kraussiana, etc. 



Alismatace.e by some flowering water-plants, e.g. Burnatia ennean- 

 dra, Lophotocarpus Guyanensis, etc. 



CoMMELiNACE^ by various species of Aneilema — A. lanceolatum, 

 A. Sinicum, etc., of Commelyna — C. nudiflora, C. umbellata, etc., and 

 of Floscopa and Cyanotis. 



Palm^ by the Giginya, Borassus flabellifer, var. JEthiopum, the 

 Goriba, ^Hyphcena Thebaica, chiefly in the North, and the Tukuruwa 

 or Bamboo Palm, Raphia vinifera, in ravines only. 



AROiDE.a: by Culcasia scandens, by the Kinchia with yellow rhizome, 



