THE NIGERIAN TIMBER TREES 393 



Carpodinus fulva. Pear-shape -fruited Rubber. Ikwian (Benin). 



Found in the Asaba district, Benin province. 

 CUtandra elastka. Brown Medium Rubber. Ubabikpan (Benin) ; 

 Beckindanko (Hausa). 

 Benin province. 



A vine of the dry zone, found in the Okwoga district and 

 at Adani in Awka district. It also yields root rubber. 



It yields a good rubber, sold on the Niger for Is. 3d. to Is, 6d. 

 per pound (1911). Extracted by tapping and coagulated by 

 boiling, also with salt. 

 CUtandra visciflua (Hall. Fil.). Ubake (Benin). 



Found in the Benin province. 

 CUtandra Togolana (Hall). Ibo, Agba (Benin). 



It is a large tree, up to 60 feet high (?). Olokemeji. 

 CUtandra cirrhosa. Oban Rubber. 



This is one of the commoner vines of the Oban Forest Reserve. 

 In recent years, owing to the low price of rubber, it has not 

 been tapped to any extent. The cost of collection to the natives 

 is rather high, with the extended preparations and amount of 

 food they must take with them in this forest. Added to this 

 there is the cost of the licence and the cost of taking it over 

 the long distance to the market, so that they do not think it 

 pa3^s to collect this rubber. 

 Rauwolfia vomitoria (Afzel). Swizzle-stick. Iraigbo, Asofeyeje 

 (Yoruba) ; Akata (Benin). 



It is found in the Abeokuta, Ibadan, Ondo, Benin, Warri, 

 Owerri and Calabar provinces of Nigeria, in the evergreen 

 and mixed deciduous zone, where it is very prevalent. 



It is a small tree of 12 feet in height and 18 inches in girth, 

 with almost always four branchlets to each branch, forming 

 regular whorls in this manner. It has a soft, thin leaf and a 

 round, small green fruit. The stem is usually forked near 

 the ground, and each side branch is forked again and the 

 uppermost branches divided into four separate twigs, making 

 thus a most convenient shape for a swizzle-stick. The stem is 

 more or less dotted with a few white lenticels. The bark peels 

 off very readily and cleanly with a knife, leaving the bare white 

 stem, especially in the smaller branches. 



The wood of the smaller branches is soft, showing a small 

 pith in the centre, but that of the stem in the larger specimens 

 is comparatively hard, and more like an inferior type of box- 

 wood. The sapwood is usually a little softer than the 

 heartwood. 



It is a moderately fast-growing, shade-bearing, soil-protecting 

 and soil-improving tree. Natural regeneration is good. It 



