1S91 



GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE. 



53 



whence it is talien by a screw elevator into the diy- 

 ing-room. 



Here is a SVfeet-loiig' revolving- cj'linder. 5 or 6 

 feet in diameter, slojjing downward. Its inner sur- 

 face is fall of little slielves. while in the center is a 

 small cylinder ke|it warm witli steam inside of it. 

 As the sugai- is Itroug-ht up from tlie centiifu^als, it 

 drops into the elevated end of the great cylinder. 

 It is piclied up by the little shelves, and when the.v 

 come around to the to)) las the cylinder slowly re- 

 volves) they drop the sujrar off upon the inner warm 

 cylinder, which dries it, and it falls olf to be picked 

 up by other shelves and carried up ag^ain. As this 

 cylinder stands sloping, the dry sug-ar works down 

 toward the far open end. This end terminates in 

 a rim of fine brass wire, next to which is one of a 

 coarsei- mesh. All the flne-jri'ain sugar, composing- a 

 great deal of it, now entirely dry, falls throug-li the 

 tine wire and goes down a chute into barrels or bag's 

 in the shipping--roora below. The next grade in fine- 

 ness passes through the next screen, and falls down 

 another chute. The coarsest grains fall out of the 

 end into a third chute. 



An interesliugr arrang-ement is tlie current of air 

 sucked througli the long- cylinder from the far end, 

 which takes up moist vapor from the drying- sugar 

 and some fine sug-ar dust. This air is driven 

 through a long room with partitions nearly across, 

 first from one side and then from tlie other, twenty 

 or thirty of them. These chec-k and cool the cur- 

 rent of air. and all the fine sugar dust drops on the 

 floor as pure sugai- flour. It is usually re-dissolved 

 and concentrated. :ind crystallized into coarser 

 grains thi-ough the centrifugals, so nothing is lost. 

 Even the molasses is mainly worked into sugar un- 

 less it shall be worth more in the syiup form. 



[To indicate something in regard to the pres- 

 ent demand for tlie seed of sugar beets. I will 

 mention that, wliile visiting Fcri y's immense 

 seedliouse in Detroit. I saw staclced up in one of 

 their great rooms sucli a vast quantity of seeds 

 in bags that I asked the guide in astonishment 

 what it was for whicli tliere could be such a de- 

 mand. He told me tluit it was sugar-beet seed 

 from France, and that tliey had just put in two 

 shiploads. We liave for several years past 

 raised the beets on our own grounds, just for 

 the fun of it. As visitors go tlEii-ough our fields 

 I frequently cut off a piece of beet, and cut it 

 into little strips, and pass it around. The vis- 

 itors always malce exclamations of surprise. 

 The real stigar be.-t. in the right kind of soil, is 

 almost as sweet as tl\e licorice-root which cliil- 

 dren get at tlie stores. No wonder tliey get 

 sugar from it in immen.se quantities by simply 

 washing it out from the beets with pure water, 

 by the diffusion process, so- plainly described 

 above.l 



THE STEWART HOME-MADE SAW TABLE. 



PLAIX INSTPa'CTI()X.S HOW TO MAIvE ONE WITH 

 A TUKXING-LATHE AND SAW ATTACHMENT. 



Mr. Root: — As per your request I send here- 

 with a sketch of my home-made saw-table, with 

 latlie and scroll-saw attachments. The frame- 

 work of my saw-table is made of :3x:.'i.,-inch 

 scantling, and is 2S in. sqinire. The sills are 18 

 In. longer in front, for hinging the treadle. The 

 frame is mortised together, and pinned. The 

 tread-liinge consists of a piece of scantling witli 

 a hole in each end. and is just long enough to go 

 between tlie sills. A hole is boi-ed in each sill, 

 and a hickory pin driven thi-ough the sill and 

 into the end of the tread-hinge. The treadle is 

 made of a ^4 -in. board. S in. wide, securely nailed 

 to The liinge, and is tapered to 3 in. wide at tlie 

 end where the pitman is attached. A block in 

 tlie shape of a wedge is securely nailed on the 

 under side of the narrow end of the treadle, 

 with a mortise for the pitman. The pitman 

 is hard wood, with an iron cuff. The crank- 

 shaft is a %-inch iron rod. The crank has 

 a six-inch sweep. The drum that runs the 



mandrel is 32 in. in diameter, with a three- 

 inch face. The wheel at the left is 1.5 in., and 

 runs the lathe and scroll-saw. They are 

 fasten(^d on with taps and washers. The' table 

 is made of inch boards nailed to two pieces of 

 scantling. 4 in. longer tlian the frame. The 

 parallel bar is so hinged that it can be raised 



A HOME-MADE SAW-TAUI,E. 



and turned over, and will hang down on tlie 

 right side of the table when not in use. A space 

 Uo in. wide is left in the table for the cut-off 

 gauge, which is made of two pieces, one the 

 length of the table. IxUo in., the other lx<i in., 

 tapered to 3 in. at the end to the left, and nailed 

 securely together at right angles. The table is 

 held in place by a pin in each corner, and can 

 be lifted oft' or on in an instant. The mandrel 



SCKOLL-SAW AND TURNIN(i-TATHE ATTACH- 

 MENT. 



is the one you sell for .?3..50. and is fastened on 

 to two pieces let in at each end in the top pieces 

 of the frame. The saws are six-inch rip and 

 cut off. 



I have some home-made cutter-heads for 

 beading, and making small molding.s. They 

 have but one bit. They are made of a block of 

 hard wood. 2 inches square, and an inch thick, 

 with tliree corners cut oft' (see A at the left of 

 the saw-table). The bit is fastened on with a 

 screw. Through the center for the saw-arbor I 

 bore with an incli bit, }ii inch deep, and tlien 

 bore through with a ^-inch bit. Tlie washer 

 tliat goes on between the nut and the saw must 



