844 



GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE. 



Nov. 1. 



aud the woi'k proceeds. The tools of the en- 

 graver are few, and, to the cursory observer, 

 they all look very similar; but they consist of 

 gravers, gouges, chisels, and tint-tools, of all 

 grades of fineness. Machinery for ruling 

 straight mechanical lines is also used. The 

 engraving of a drawing or design is merely 

 touching it up into lights and shadows; but 

 the producing of these shades is where the 

 fineness of touch comes in; and the terms " line 

 stipple " and " cross-hatching " are terms com- 

 mon to the engraver. 



In times past the wood engraving was used 

 in the press; but now a cast of the engraving is 

 taken with wax, and a metallic electrotype 

 made, from which thousands of impressions 

 can be made. ' 



All other methods of making engravings are 

 called "process work," or by mechanical 

 means. Under this head comes the production 

 of those half-tone prints, also the cheap, quick- 

 ly gotten-up outline prints for the daily papers, 

 known as chalk or plaster-Paris engravings. 

 Etchings, such as illustrate these Rambl-er's 

 letters from time to time, are reproductions by 

 photographic and chemical means of pen-and- 

 ink sketches drawn by Mr. M., every line and 

 dot just as the artist made them, with the only 

 diffei'ence that, on the original sketches on pa- 

 per, they are drawn about, twice the size that 

 they appear here. Half-tones are direct from 

 photographs or wash drawings. No matter 

 how fine or how rough the engravings in our 

 papers may be, the reading-matter is much 

 more interesting and lucid than if the cuts 

 were not used. Gleanings is truly fortunate 

 in finding an artist who can enter into the 

 spirit of the industry, and give those correct 

 pictures which add to the popularity of the pa- 

 per. Long may it wave. Ramblek. 



[When we learned of Rambler's proposed vis- 

 it to the Home of the Honey-bees, and of his 

 trip to California, we particularly requested 

 that he call at the office of our engravers, 204 

 Superior St., Cleveland. The article above, 

 and the engravings, show that his call was not 

 made in vain. We very frequently receive in- 

 quiries as to our engravings— how they are 

 made, and where. Rambler has very faithfully 

 told the whole story. With reference to the 

 picture, Mr. Murray is the one sitting in the 

 arm-chair, with pencil in his hand. He is the 

 artist. Mr. Heiss, the junior member, is the 

 engraver; and Rambler— well, you know who 

 he is; that umbrella and its relation to the hat, 

 those striped pants, all are characteristic. By 

 the way, we notice the picture of an urchin 

 waving the emblems of the engraver's art. We 

 have been querying whether this is one of 

 Rambler's original slate-pencil drawings that 

 caused the school to snicker. Under one of the 

 engraver's desks we notice an ax. Is that for 

 the benefit of unwelcome ramblers, or does it 

 find some other legitimate use ? The members 

 of the firm, however, are not dangerous. They 

 are both exceedingly affable and pleasant, and 

 we commend them to bee-keepers and others 

 desiring first-class work, and promptly done. 

 We have no pecuniary interest in the concern; 

 and this free "' add." if it may be called such, 

 is made without their suggestion or knowl- 

 edge.] E. R. 

 1^ I ^ 



CYPRUS ; BEES AND BEE-KEEPING. 



SOMETHING FROM P. H. UAI.DENSPERGEK. 



Only eleven years are past since Jones and 

 Benton left America in search of the Eastern 

 bees, and imported hundreds of the yellow 

 beauties into Europe and America: and now I 



should say it is next to impossible to have one 

 single pure Cyprian. Isn't this a curious fact? 

 Many parties have been writing to me to have 

 Cyprian queens; but up to last fall Mr. Benton 

 had the choice; and as I am no queen-breeder 

 I almost always directed to him. Although 

 Cyprus can be reached from Jaffa in 24 hours I 

 never thought it would pay to go there myself; 

 but I wanted a little bit of fresh sea-air. The 

 trip to Cyprus and back was supposed to take 

 four day?. Up coast the steamer passes 

 Csesarea Palestina, mentioned in Acts, where 

 St. Paul was tried before King Herod and Felix, 

 and here he appealed unto Ca?sar. Only ruins 

 of bygone beauty mark the place, and a Bosnian 

 colony of INIohammedan emigrants are now 

 building up into a new L'ajsarea. 



After six hours by sea tne steamer anchors in 

 the bay of Acre, at the foot of Mt. Carmel, 

 where a German settlement is flourishing in all 

 but bee-keeping. Some have clay cylinder 

 hives, others box hives, and some Dathe, Dzier- 

 zon, and other German hives. They average 

 very little honey, owing to want of pasture in 

 the immediate vicinity of the town of Haifa, 

 and the want of knowledge. Mt. Carmel itself 

 is beautifully covered with mellifeious plants, 

 as sages, thymes, and others. In one of the 

 Russian-Jewish refugee colonies on Mt. Carmel 

 one of my scholars is putting up an apiary, after 

 the Langstrotli system, our hive, and seems to 

 have done tolerably well. 



Going up the coast we passed Tyre and Sidon 

 by night, and morning found us at the foot of 

 Mt. Lebanon. Two days were lost at anchorage 

 at Beyrouth. A gale would not allow the 

 steamer to discharge the goods; and when, on 

 the morning of the third day. we arrived at 

 Larnaca, in Cyprus, the steamer was gone, and 

 I was told that, before a fortnight was over, I 

 could not go back again. What a dull hope, to 

 be walking about a small town, with the pros- 

 pect of enjoying its crumbled walls and base 

 Cypriotes for a fortnight, while the bees in Pal- 

 estine are in vain awaiting me to take them to 

 pastures new I I then concluded not to leave 

 home again, at least not in May. across the sea. 

 when work is pressing. How often did I hear 

 about this " abode of the gods "! but the Turks 

 have done their part in destroying nature and 

 art. It is not now to be envied. The position 

 is good; the climate, like all Mediteranean 

 countries, is haunted with fever in the low- 

 lands; but. besides this, locusts have been 

 roaming over the land, and destroying what 

 little green the numerous goats left, which 

 themselves have been gnawing the young 

 growth, preventing, in connection with the 

 Turkish misrule, the restoration to its former 

 charms. The British government is trying to 

 restore the island; but it certainly will be long 

 before the inhabitants will awake from their 

 drowsy nap. And right here friends Jones and 

 Benton first brought American ideas and bar- 

 frame hives; and the only thing I found here 

 was two two- frame nuclei in the house of Mr. 

 Derwishian. a graduate of Benton's school. 

 The day before I ariived. another of Benton's 

 scholars had gathered every movable hive and 

 steered into Egypt to improve the Egyptians, 

 as I understood; but not having seen him I was 

 sorry to find I had come here to go back again 

 without taking even a Cyprian queen with me. 



The two two-frame nuclei at Mr. Derwish- 

 ian's were as cross as cross can be. Smpkers 

 and veils of enormous sizes availed nothing. I 

 never saw such a bad lot. even in Palestine, 

 except when the camels had upset quite a num- 

 ber of hives, and they were pitching at us in 

 fury. Mr. D. attributed this behavior to Mr. 

 S. G.'s rough handling the day before, or three 

 days before. Mr. D. insisted on working them 



