issi-j 



ULliAMNCiS IN nVA-: ( I I/l'I'KK 



rm 



toariiiK lliati'lifs from Imildinvr-^ to fiH'd the faiuisli- 

 iiiK aiiiiii!il>. Ill otliiT loi-aliiics catllc arc bi'itiK 

 killed in ^rn'at imiiilivi-s, as llicii- owtu'is ;irc iinalilc 

 to frcil tlu'iii. Also lhons:iii(ls aiul tiiousniids ha\e 

 (iio<i and hit dviiiK of siiiivaiion. Kvci'y clfiiit is 

 niado to kffi> a (.•(•riniii iiiiinlu'i' alive, whii'li must 

 lie done at all li;i/.anls, for idowing- wIk'h the next 

 seedinjjT time eomes. 



Hi;w the people are to maintain tlieraselves until 

 tile lU'Xt aiMHial niiiis is a most serious qiu-stion, 

 and will donl)tless he answered in theusuiil way — a 

 larKe p;iit of tlie population will be snppoiteil by 

 the jroviTMinent at tlie fainine-eiimps. Tlieie wifl 

 iH'abari- existenceof in:in\ dl liei-s, and tlie lieatli 

 of thousands and even millions of peopU'. The bet- 

 ter class will have enouirh to eat, as tliey will im- 

 port trrain at enormous jn-iei-s from other countries. 



But the matter of food is not the only problem 

 connected with existence 'I'lie (jucstion of water 

 becomes a pressing.' one, and is more serious from 

 tlio wretched relifrious caste customs: a hig-h-c:isti' 

 man will not drink from a well if a low-caste man 

 lias lowered his waier pail into it, and so defiled its 

 cont.ents. This really iiflecis the low-caste man, be- 

 cause lie is driven away and not allowed U) ct)me 

 near tliese wells; and liis own, l)eing more sliallow, 

 have become dry. In tliis emergencv tlie g'o\ei'ii- 

 ment comes forward, and. as a part of the relief 

 Work, otTers to loan money foi- the digsi'ing of wells. 

 The people avail themselves of this oiler, and just 

 now there are being- dug- in one presifleney upward 

 of 19,000 wells from loans so made by the govern- 

 ment. This money is loaned on thirty years' time, 

 vrith interest at three per cent per annum, and 

 often without sufficient securitj% but is done to re- 

 lieve tlie distress of this ill-fated nation. 



With all that the Eng-lish g-overnment are doing 

 to alleviate the horrors of the famine, there is much 

 unnecessary suffering, which arises from the 

 peculiarities of the people, jiarticularly tlie higlier 

 castes. For a cast »• man to eat or drink anything- 

 which has been touched by oni' not of Ills caste is so 

 degrading that lie would rather suffer death. Tliis 

 • is a religious matter with liim, and there is no 

 doubt but tliat multitudes die because they will not 

 accept food at government relief-camps or famine- 

 kitchens. Many others of not so high a caste liold 

 out for a while, then come and p;irtake of the 

 wholesome food. Tliis-istoo much for their weak- 

 ened condition; tlu'ir stomachs refuse to dige.st it, 

 dy.seiiter.v results, and in a few days they die. 



The one disease accompaMying a famine, and 

 causing more deaths than either dy.sentery or actu- 

 al starvation, is famine fever. It is a late attendant, 

 appearing when the people ai'e emaciated and weak, 

 and for it there is no remedy, and the other reme- 

 dies have no effect on it. When once begun, it be- 

 comes widespread. Tlie weak and ill-nourished 

 who have resisted other Intlucnces, and but for this 

 might Iiave lived until the next rains, fall easy vic- 

 tims. It is during tliis ix-riod that deaths are so 

 numerous. The dead lie b,\ ilie loadside in great 

 numbers; the dying i-rawl oil into the jungles and 

 are eaten by wild animals. 



All tliat a go\eiiirnent could do for a famine- 

 stricken country the English government d<jes for 

 India at these soi-e times, and deserves much praise 

 for the energi^tic measures taken. Leave on fur- 

 lough to all officers of government is forbidden. 

 Those alisent on leave are summoned; relief works 

 ai^ begun. These consist of building new roads, 

 canals, etc., and are designed to helji those wlio ai'i- 

 able to work. During a famine many such public 

 improvements are constructed whicli the govc-rn- 

 ment would not otiierwise afford. For those who 

 are not abU- to work Ijy reason of their reduced 

 strength, debility, or age, a form of relief is eslab- 

 lished known as the famiiie-ltitcliens. There meals 

 are c<H)ked and given away t(j all who come. For 

 those who are unable to walk, camps are provided; 

 they are generally located near a kitchen, and are a 

 refuge for thousands. These relief works, famine 

 ■cami)s and kitchens, are to be found every few 

 miles all over India while a famine lasts. But al- 

 though the government fleals thus energetically 

 with the problem, and grants every alleviation iii 

 its power for tlie distressed country, the suffering 

 and loss of life is cxtiemc. 



The Darke County Union Bee-Keepers' Society will hold a 

 grand basket meeting in the fairjrrounds at Greenville. Ohio, 

 Friday, Aug. 19. 1892. Vocal and instrumental music suitable 

 for the occasion is being prepared. 



GEO. H. KIRKPATRICK, SeC. 





-^-^112 FED YEAjCs 



Then shall the King say unto them on his right hand. Come 

 ye blessed of my Father, inherit tlie kingdom prepared lor you 

 from the foundation of the world; for I was a hungered, and 

 .ve gave me meat.— Matt. 2!): .'i4. ;«. 



The Progressive Bee-keeper \ii stU] progi-ess- 

 ive— tilled with good things. 



The iioney crop is a total failure in Califor- 

 nia, .so our correspondents say. Rambler was 

 more foriniiate, liowover, and securtid a very 

 fair crop. There will, therefore, be very little 

 California honey on the eastt^rn markets, and 

 tlio eastern product will have full swing. 



We have just discovered that the Tunics soil 

 their capped honey all over witli bee-glue; in 

 fact, it looks as if it had been daubed over with 

 a dark-colored dirty varnish. If this is true of 

 all Funics (and Mr. Cowan says as much in an- 

 other column), it will rule them out of all 

 apiaries. 



The Alley traps have done for us good service 

 this year. We bought a number of colonies 

 this year, the drones of which were not select. 

 Upon all such the Alley trap was placed, trap- 

 ping all undesirable drones. We then encour- 

 aged those colonies that had very fine drones, 

 to rear as large a numl^er as possible. 



It is a very noticeable fact, that commission 

 houses have reported, for the past couple of 

 months, little or no tirst-class honey on the 

 market, either comb or e.\tracted. We can not 

 believe adulteration is carried on so extensively, 

 otherwise there would be plenty of e.xtracted 

 honey; and while we do not want to deny that 

 adulteration may be practiced to a considerable 

 extent, we ought to be careful not to rush to 

 the other extreme. 



Trying to smoke in loafing bees at the en- 

 trance does not make them go to work. On the 

 contrary, it causes them to boil all over, and to 

 alight on the nearest objects. They will then 

 rub their abdomens and waists with their legs, 

 showing that the breath! itg-pores have been 

 irritated by the quantity of smoke. Give them 

 plenty of shade, plenty of room, and a large 

 wide entrance. As an extra inducement, if you 

 are running for comb honey use full sheets of 

 foundation— yes, always do it; and if this does 

 not fetch 'em, insert a bait section— that is, a 

 section partly drawn out. and filled with a little 

 honey from some super where the bees have 

 already gone to work. 



AUTOMATIC SWAK.MEKS— ARE THEV A SUCCES.S '? 



We are more than pleased with the workings 

 of our Pratt automatic swarmers. In our out- 

 yard we found that they worked to perfection. 

 The swarmers were attached some ten days 

 previously; and when we went down, the bees 

 had cast swarms, and the same had taken up 

 their abode in their new quarters, filling their 

 combs with brood and lioiiey. just as good bees 

 ought to do. In some cases.the hives to which 

 the ^swarmers were attached failed to send out 

 swarms. In that event, while the queen was 

 being occupied in the upper hive, the bees went 

 below, built out the frames of foundation, and 

 filled them with honey. So it seems to us that 

 the swarmer is bound to be a success, whether 

 the bees swarm or not. In the one case, it ac- 



