18*12 



GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE. 



705 



fei't, and not inoro than oiio inch in ten feel. 

 T\u^ pitcli. or fall, will let the \vatt>r off each 

 way into tlu> siirphis-ditolii>s. tlic hiprlu'st point 

 boiiig nsiially midway Iniirccii tlii' two snipliis- 

 ditohos. Thus tluMV will be a middle |ioinl in 

 tho baso-linc whciT Iho wal(M' rocs each way. 

 Thoso base-lino furrows aiv a hundred feet 

 apart. After tliev are all ijraded and laiii out. 

 then we must ma'l<e furrows for our tomatoes. 

 peach-trees, or what other crop is raised, be- 

 tween the base-lines, and parallel witli them. 

 You will notice that this kind of work breaks 

 up entirely the plan of straight furrows, unless 

 the lay of'tlie land should favor us to an un- 

 usual extent. 



In order to do our cultivating in working the 

 ground to advantage, we should endeavor to 

 get rid of slmrt crooks in the furrows, liut it is 

 much more important to get rid of the water 

 than to have straight furrows for cultivating; 

 and if the curves are large, there need not be 

 anv particular hindrance to the work. 



The additional diagraius. Figs. 1 and :3, will 

 make th(> whole matter plain, without further 

 explanation. 



Froru what I have seen of the washing and 

 cutting and gullying in the South, especially in 

 what they call the "red lands," I am sure that 

 this plan as given above by friend Day is a 

 matter of the greatest importance in many 

 localities. It is almost impossible to work the 

 greater part of the land up to a high state of 

 fertility, for either fruit or vegetables, without 

 making provision for the heavy rains and the 

 surplus water: and even here in our State of 

 Ohio I have been coming to the conclusion more 

 and more, as each season passes by, that we 

 must have surplus-drains as well as under- 

 drains. The great market-gardener of Green 

 Bay. Wis.. Mr. J. M. Smith, has been for years 

 working on almost this plan, except that, as his 

 ground is so nearly level, it does not make such 

 a showing as the plan we have given. 



Another thing in regard to this plan of terrac- 

 ing or furrowing: Every year that passes makes 

 it more evident that, sooner or later, irrigation 

 is going to be used by all who are engaged in 

 high-pressure gardening. The market-garden- 

 ers around Boston and New York do not think 

 of risking their expensive crops without provi- 

 sion b<'ing made for watering in times of drouth. 

 Windmills with tanks, and steam-pumps, are 

 on hand, to be brought into requisition when 

 needed. Well, this plan of terracing fixes the 

 ground exactly as you want it for irrigation. 

 Carry the water to the highest point in the fur- 

 rows, and let it flow each way. and the fall is 

 exactly right. A neighbor of mine who raises 

 blackberries on land that is not worth more 

 than -^.^O.tK) or .^T.^.fX) per acre has drawn water 

 in barrels for his blackberries during a time of 

 drouth, and he says it paid big. He had berries 

 when they were a failure elsewhere, and. of 

 course, got big prices accordingly. Another 

 man secured a tremendous crop of onions by 

 watering them with a force-pump. He worked 

 the pump while his wife directed a streaiu of 

 water through a hose. Nobody else had any 

 onions, and so he got over a dollar a bushel for 

 his. Once fixing your ground, after the manner 

 given in this article, lasts a lifetime. Even on 

 lands where gullies are cut by very heavy rains, 

 by a little careful watching, and prompt repair- 

 ing where the water breaks over and goes di- 

 rectly down hill, you are master of the situa- 

 tion: and where the ground is brought up to Its 

 highest state of fertility by tilth and manure it 

 is terribly expensive business to have it cut up 

 and washed down into the streams. 



Please notice that, in this kind of terracing, 

 little if any [)iowing or scraping is to be done. 

 The levelwhicli friend Day has described is 



simply walked around the hill, curving the fur- 

 row so as to strike ground that is neither too 

 high nor too low - that is, when you are laying 

 base-lines about KK) feet apart. The ditches 

 along these base-lines ar(^ to be kept carefully 

 permanent, so the wat(^r runs in tiie furrow and 

 does not break over and run straight down liill. 



OURSELVES AND OUR NEIGHBORS. 



For unclean spiiits, cryinfi' with loud voice, came 

 out of many that were possessed with tliem.— ACTS. 

 8:7. 



Am 1 my biotlier's keeper V— Gen. 4:9. 



This matter of unclean spirits, so often spo- 

 ken of in the Bilile. has for ages past attracted 

 considerable attention; and I believe the gen- 

 eral verdict is, that we have nothing of 

 that kind now— that is, nothing just like what 

 is described in the Scriptures. Perhaps the 

 whole thing belongs to the age of demonology; 

 but for all that. I can not h(!lp thinking that 

 human beings nowadays are often possessed 

 with something that might be appropriately 

 called an unclean spirit. By reading the fifth 

 verse of the same i-hapter from which this text 

 is taken, you will notice that it was through 

 Christ's name that these unclean spirits were 

 banished; and, indeed, on one occasion we are 

 told that the spirit that possessed a man talked 

 back, as it were; for we read in Matt. 8:29, 

 " Behold they cried out, saying. What have we 

 to do with thee, Jesus, thou Son of God ? Art 

 thou come hither to torment us before the 

 time?" From this it seems as if the spirits 

 themselves seemed to recognize that, where 

 Jesus, the Son of God. was, they had no abid- 

 ingplace. And this kind of unclean spirit that 

 I have been thinking of seems to come under 

 the same law. Thev can not exist in the same 

 heart where the spirit of Christ has found an 

 abidingplace. Let me now give you some of 

 the evidences that we meet with in our day, to 

 show that unclean spirits are among us. 



A few days ago an excursion passed over our 

 grounds on its way to our little lake a few 

 miles from here. I have before spoken of the 

 piece of track that unites our two raili'oads, 

 passing through our grounds; and I am hap- 

 py to tell you, that, during the past summer, no 

 Sunday excursion has ever passed over it. The 

 excursion I speak of, therefore, was on one of the 

 week-days. The locomotive on one of the rail- 

 roads drops the cars on our curve until another 

 one can come from the other road to pick up 

 the cars; therefore the excursionists stopped on 

 the track close to our factory for several min- 

 utes. Almost as soon as the cars stopped, some 

 of the passengers began jumping oil' and look- 

 ing about to see what was to be seen or to be 

 found. Now, this is all right and proper. I 

 like to see people who are traveling, wide- 

 awake, and with eyes open, that they may lake 

 in all that is to be seen. A party of young boys 

 came up the walk toward where I was stand- 

 ing. They opened the different doors and made 

 inquiries "for something, and seemed evidently 

 disappointed, I linally walked toward one of 

 them, to see if I could give them some assist- 

 ance. He was a nice-looking boy, perhaps 

 fourteen or fifteen years old. His fresh young 

 face looked almost childish, and there was a 

 sort of innocent look about it. although at the 

 same time he had a little bit of swagger about 

 his manner, probably put on because they were 

 on a holiday: and I thought that, perhaps, at 

 his age he was just beginning to feel that it 

 was time he should act like a man and appear 

 manly. His first question was something like 

 this: 



