DESCRIPTION OF THE BONY STRUCTURE. 



The Head is composed of the following bones, which a 

 reference to the plate will exemplify : a, the os frontis, or 

 forehead ; b, the nasal bones ; c, the os lachrymal is ; d, the 

 jugal, or cheek bone ; e, the superior maxillary, or upper jaw ; 

 /, that portion which unites with the palatine and jugal 

 bones ; g, the inferior maxillary bone, which contains the 

 upper incisor teeth ; h, the maxilla posterior, or lower jaw ; 

 the dark shade between a, c, d, is the orbit of the eye ; t, the 

 parietal, or vertical bone ; m, n, the temporal bone, consisting 

 of the squamous and petrous portions ; n, the petrous division, 

 being a part of the internal ear ; I, o, p, the occipital or knoll 

 bone ; o marks the occipital elevation j p, the cuneiform pro- 

 cess ; I, the condyloid process, marking its junction with the 

 atlas. 



The Neck. — B, B, the seven cervical vertebrae, or bones 

 of the neck j a, the first of these, is denominated the atlas. 



The Spine is composed of the eighteen dorsal vertebrae, 

 1 — 18 ; the lumbar vertebrae, which form the loins, six in 

 number, 1 — 6 ; the sacrum, five in number, a, b, c, d, e, the 

 coccygis, or bones of the tail, 1 — 15. 



The Thorax, Ribs, Shoulder, and Sternum. — The true 

 ribs are nine in number, 1 — 9 ; and are so denominated from 

 their cartilages being united to the sternum ; 10 — 18 mark 

 the false ribs, their cartilages being inserted into each other ; 

 a, the head, which articulates with the transverse process of 

 the first dorsal vertebrae ; b, the end uniting the sternum ; 

 C, the sternum ; D, the scapula, or shoulder-blade ; c, the 

 neck ; d, coracoid process, or apophysis ; g, the anterior spina- 

 tus fossa ; h, the spine ; between e and / lies the base, which 

 is the extent of the cartilage of the scapula ; between c and e 

 is the posterior costa ; and between d and / lies the anterior 

 costa. 



