134 ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE NERVES. 



heart ; some run to the pylorus, and others join the hepatic 

 plexus. 



Accessor!/ nerves to the eighth. — These nerves are con- 

 sidered as accessory to the eighth, in consequence of their 

 being found in close connection in issuing from the cranium ; 

 it originates in the vertebral canal, by the union of several 

 filaments. In its course into the cranium it receives many 

 other fine threads, and in that cavity joins the par vagum. 

 Beneath the atlas, the accessory nerve divides ; the front di- 

 vision runs downward, and penetrates the belly, transmitting 

 side twigs in its course. The posterior division turns round 

 the transverse process of the atlas to the scapula, near which 

 it is lost in muscular substance. The branches of the acces- 

 sory pass to the par vagum, anterior cervical ganglion, and 

 communicate with the sub-occipital nerve. 



Ninth pair, or linguales, arise behind the eighth pair, from 

 the corpora olivaria ; it is found in company with the par 

 vagum, near the coranoid process. The nerve passes down 

 the lower jaw, between the muscles forming the root of the 

 tongue, and ends in the tip of the latter. It sends branches 

 to the lingual muscles, and to the hyo-glossus longus. 



Tenth pair, or sub-occipital nerves. — They arise from the 

 medulla oblongata, and beginning of the spinal marrow ; 

 they pass out through a hole in the fore part of the body of 

 the atlas. It then branches into a superior and inferior divis- 

 ion. The superior is distributed to the extensor muscles of 

 the head and neck. The inferior branch goes to the trachea, 

 lymphatic glands, and muscles of the neck. 



CERVICAL NERVES. 



These consist of seven pairs, originating from the cervical 

 portion of the spinal marrow. Each nerve, as soon as it 

 issues from the spinal canal, forms two nervous filaments, one 

 superior, the other inferior. 



The first cervical nerve makes its exit between the first 

 and second cervical vertebras. It sends branches to different 

 muscles, and communicates with the 



