MECHANISM AND FUNCTIONS OF THE JOINTS. 167 



pedis to the os corona, and are fixed below and behind the 

 first. 



Third pair arise from the sides of the coronal process, and 

 terminate in the cartilages. 



The ligaments of the os naviculare are four, viz., two single, 

 and one pair. 



Superior ligament runs from its upper and posterior part to 

 the tendo-perforans. 



Inferior is a very broad ligament, arising from the whole of 

 the lower edge of the bone, and thence extending to the os 

 pedis, above the long extensor tendon. 



Lateral ligaments fix the os naviculare, by its two ends, to 

 the sides of the os corona. 



ARTICULATIONS OF THE HIND EXTREMITY. 



Thigh joint is formed by the reception of the head of the 

 os femoris into its socket. 



Capsular ligament is attached around the cervix of the 

 os femoris and the margin of the acetabulum ; it is thickly 

 clothed on every side by muscle, which assists to maintain 

 position. 



The acetabulum is surrounded by the circular ligament, 

 whose border turns inward to embrace the cartilaginous head 

 of the os femoris. 



The notch in this cavity, to its inward ,side, is crossed by 

 the transverse ligament, which here makes up for the deficien- 

 cy in the bone. 



Ligamentum teres consists of a bundle of ligamentous 

 fibres enclosed in a sheath, which proceed from a pit in the 

 inner and upper part of the ball to a similar one in the roof 

 of the socket. Another portion of it leaves the cavity under 

 the transverse ligament, and is implanted in the pubes. The 

 synovial membrane lines the socket, and is reflected over these 

 parts. 



Stifle joint is composed of the os femoris, the tibia, and 

 patella. 



