DICTIONARY OF THE VETERINARY ART. 219 



climate j and such as are naturally of weak constitutions, are 

 most liable to disease. 



Cramp. A spasmodic affection of -the muscles, either of a 

 particular part, or of the whole body. In lockjaw, for exam- 

 ple, the muscles of the jaw are at first chiefly affected ; but, 

 gradually, unless relief is afforded, the spasm, or cramp, 

 generally extends to the neck, limbs, and at length to all 

 parts of the body. 



Crassamentum. Red globules, or coloring matter, of the 

 blood, mixed with coagulable lymph. 



Cremaster. A muscle which surrounds the spermatic 

 cord, as it passes out of the belly into the scrotum. Its use 

 is to suspend and draw up the testicle. 



Crib Biting. A disagreeable and injurious habit, which 

 some horses acquire j it consists of laying hold of the manger 

 with their teeth. It generally proceeds from indigestion. 



Cropping the Ears. The ear may be enclosed between 

 the two parts of a carpenter's rule, which can be adjusted 

 and held so as to give the ear any shape that may be re- 

 quired. All that part outside the rule is then cut off with 

 one stroke of a sharp knife, and then bathed with tincture of 

 myrrh. 



Crupper. A strap affixed to the saddle, with a loop at the 

 end, for the purpose of admitting the horse's tail. 



Cud. The food contained in the first stomach, or rumen, 

 of a ruminating animal, which is returned to the mouth to be 

 chewed at the animal's leisure. 



Cumin Seeds. A carminative, or cordial. 



Curb. A swelling of the horse's hock, generally caused by 

 blows. 



Cutaneous Diseases. Diseases whose seat is in the skin ; 

 as the mange, for example. They are generally dependent 

 on a vitiated state of the secretions, and a disordered state of 

 the bowels. 



Cuticle, or Scarf Skin. A thin, insensible membrane, 

 which covers and defends the true skin. It is this which 

 forms the bladder raised by blistering. 



