DICTIONARY OF THE VETERINARY ART. 239 



selected — and many such could be found in the city of Bos- 

 ton — whose general health shall be impaired ; let the surface 

 be obstructed by standing in a shower of rain, without any 

 thing to protect the animal from the pelting storm ; then put 

 him into a stall near the door, where a current of cold air 

 will pass the hind extremities : he remains in this situation 

 during the night. On the following morning, the animal 

 appears dull, and is off his feed. It is soon ascertained that 

 he has taken cold : now treat him according to the kill-or-cure 

 practice : " If there is difficulty of breathing, and the throat 

 is sore, — or, in other words, the usual symptoms, — the first 

 thing to be done is, to bleed largely, until the horse faints. 

 He should then be put into a cool place. It is often necessary 

 to repeat the bleeding two or three times. If the throat is 

 very sore, blister the part." (See Cantharides.) The secre- 

 tions now become impaired, there is loss of appetite, the coat 

 stares ; there is a dull, sleepy appearance about the animal ; 

 the discharge from the nostrils now assumes an acrimonious 

 and putrid character, which, acting chemically on the mem- 

 brane of the nose, constitutes ulceration : the latter corrode 

 the cartilage and bones, and glanders is the result. Now we 

 will view it in another form. The animal has taken cold ; 

 (see Catarrh ;) the lungs — from previous disease, and the 

 subsequent inhalation of impure air in a hot and crowded 

 stable — are incapacitated, and their power to purify and 

 vitalize the blood is destroyed ; hence we have deposits of 

 morbific matter on the mucous membrane, which corrode, 

 ulcerate, and finally attack the substance of the lungs, and 

 tubercle is the result, which may terminate in glanders. The 

 expectoration, or passage of acrimonious humors through the 

 nostril of the horse from the lungs, does, in its passage, irritate 

 the schneiderian membrane at a point where it is in immediate 

 contact with ossific or cartilaginous structure, and sufficiently 

 accounts for the ulcers found in the nostrils in the above case. 

 We do not hesitate to say that glanders can be produced with- 

 out infection, or contagion, and that a common cold or catarrh 

 neglected, or improperly treated, will often terminate in glan- 



