240 DICTIONARY OP THE VETERINARY ART. 



ders. Mr. Tines, V.S., states, " that the practice of physicking 

 horses, and exposing them to wet and cold, when they have 

 common catarrh, will produce confirmed glanders." 



According to the testimony of Mr. G. Pen wick, V. S., of 

 London, " Glanders is a symptom gf tubercles on the lungs in 

 nine times out of ten ; " hence, when a horse has taken cold, 

 and the surface is obstructed, the prudent owner will endeavor 

 to force a crisis j that is, to open the pores of the skin, and 

 promote perspiration. This can be done by the use of 

 warmth and moisture externally, and the administration of 

 warm antispasmodic drinks. This will relieve the stricture 

 of the surface, and permit the egress of morbific matter, 

 which would otherwise be thrown on the lungs, or kidneys. 

 If there is not sufficient power in the system to determine 

 action to the surface, then administer diffusible stimulants. 

 Mr. Youatt remarks, " Improper stable management is a more 

 frequent cause of glanders than contagion. The air which is 

 necessary to respiration is changed and empoisoned in its pas- 

 sage through the lungs ; and a fresh supply is necessary for 

 the support of life. That supply may be sufficient barely to 

 support life, but not to prevent the vitiated air from again and 

 again passing to the lungs, and producing irritation and dis- 

 ease. The membrane of the nose, possessed of extreme sen- 

 sibility, is easily irritated by this poison. Professor Coleman 

 relates a case which proves to demonstration the rapid and 

 fatal agency of this cause : "In the expedition to Gluiberon, 

 the horses had not been long on board the transports, before it 

 became necessary to shut down the hatchways : the conse- 

 quence of this was, that some of them were suffocated, 

 and that all the rest were disembarked either glandered or 

 farcied." In a close stable, the air is not only vitiated by 

 breathing, but there are other and more powerful sources of 

 mischief. The dung and the urine are suffered to remain, 

 fermenting and giving out injurious gases. 



Glands. Soft, spongy substances in various parts of the 

 body, which serve to secrete particular humors from the 

 blood. They are vulgarly called kernels. 



