NEAT CATTLE. 217 



ulated with the vaccine virus, (pus,) which appeared to 

 operate as a preventive; for although his neighbors' 

 cows were dying around him, not one of his — seven in 

 number — evinced the slightest symptoms of murrain. 



In Europe, this plague has prevailed occasionally for 

 thousands of years, and frequently with great malignity. 

 In the spring of 1714, more than 70,000 cattle died of 

 this disease in England. In 1745 it made a second sad 

 visitation in Holland, and destroyed 200,000 cattle. In 

 1747, 40,000 in one county, and 30,000 in another county, 

 m England, died of this pest, in one year. Last sum 

 raer and fall it was very fatal in some parts of England 

 and Scotland. Two cow-feeders in the vicinity of Glas- 

 gow lost 500 cows. Some lost their entire stock. This 

 disease originates from various causes ; the animals are 

 variously affected, and, of course, the symptoms and 

 remedies vary. Several disorders are classed under 

 this general head. 



RED-WATER, OR BLOODY MURRAIN. 



This disease, in some respects, as to causes, symp- 

 toms, nature, and remedies, resembles that last de- 

 scribed, and they are, in some cases, evidently blended 

 together. Red-water is of two kinds, acute and chronic. 

 The causes are different ; they have their seat in differ- 

 ent organs, and the symptoms and remedies vary. Yet 

 some writers comfound and blend them together. 



ACUTE RED-WATER. 



Causes. Cows in too high condition are subject to 

 Uiis disease a week or two before calving, and, at other 

 tunes, a few days after calving, when they have not been 

 cleansed well, and have not had any purgative, which 

 should always follow parturition in animals of high con- 

 dition. Owing to the redundancy of blood, it is strongly 

 determined to the womb, and the kidneys participate in 

 this inflammation, and, by unusual secretions, throw off 

 the redundant blood in the urine. It is also caused by 

 external injuries, such as severe blows in the region of 

 the kidneys, and violent bruises about the loins, from 

 19 



