^4 DISEASES OF ANIMALS. 



Remedy. In very severe cases, bleed or sweat, 

 at first. Give physic, and if there be costiveness, 

 give injections. Foment the shape several times a day, 

 in a strong astringent tea, as beech bark, raspberry, or 

 barberry, and continue it till the iniiammation abate.*;. 

 In three or four days, it may be necessary to repeat the 

 physic. Give light food, and protect from exposure. If 

 gleet continue to run after the swelling has abated, and 

 the ulcers healed, astringent injections into the parts 

 affected will be useful. Vegetable astringents are more 

 soothing than alum or other mineral preparations. 



BONE DISORDER. 



This disease has prevailed some ten or twenty years 

 in some sections, and long before that time it existed in 

 a milder form. It is common only to milch cows, and 

 they recover on becoming dry. 



Cause. A want of bone earth, or phosphate of lime, 

 and carbonate of lime, necessary to support the common 

 wear or decay of the bones. Milch cows require so much 

 of the phosphates as constituent parts of milk, that there 

 is not enough to repair the gradual waste of the bones ; 

 hence the weakness and disorder that ensues, which may 

 be called the bone disease. This disease is common to 

 old sections only, as, by a long course of cropping, the 

 bone earth is exhausted, and those grasses and other 

 food containing little bone earth only are produced. 



One hundred parts of bones contain thirty -eight parts 

 of phosphate of lime, and ten parts of carbonate of lime ; 

 and it has been ascertained that twenty gallons of milk 

 contain one ounce of lime. Cows pastured constantly 

 on land will carry off in their milk, one ton of bone 

 earth from an acre, in seventy-five years ; hence a defi- 

 ciency, and this disorder. 



Symptoms. Weakness in the bones ; falling in of the 

 sides ; loss of appetite ; dulness ; general debility, and 

 desire to eat bones when cows can have access to them. 



Preventives. On old lands use bone dust or ground 

 bones, guano, lime, and plaster for manure, and then 

 cultivate those grasses and plants generally, for cattle 



