11)0 CIRCULATORY SYSTEM. 



arteries. Its branches are — a. The ascending pharyngealy which 

 mounts obliquely over the cornu of the os hyoides, and ramifies 

 upon the side of the pharynx, giving off commonly a laryngeal 

 twig or two in its way, and another to the velum, which in some 

 instances is derived from the submaxillary itself, h. Various 

 inconsiderable branches to the pterygoid muscle and parotid gland. 



c. The. lingual, nearly or quite equal in magnitude to the sub- 

 maxillary itself. It first bends its course obliquely inward, de- 

 taching a few twigs into the submaxillary space ; it then splits 

 into two arteries, the ranine and the sublingual. The ranine, the 

 larger one, the apparent continuation of the lingual, turns down- 

 ward and proceeds in a flexuous manner along the under part of 

 the tongue, serpentining between the muscles, and transmitting 

 many branches into the interior: it continues of large size even to 

 the tip of the organ, wherein its extreme ramifications are ex- 

 pended. Its ramifications, I believe, have no anastomosis in 

 ordinary cases with those of its fellow on the other side ; though 

 I have a head now before me in which I find the two ranine arte- 

 ries communicating by a large cross branch at the root of the 

 tongue. The sublingual brunch winds along the under and outer 

 border of the tongue, preserving a more superficial course than 

 the former. It supplies the sublingual gland, and distributes its 

 longer ramifications over the membrane and papillae of the tongue. 



d. The submental artery leaves the submaxillary contiguously to 

 the internal side of the jaw, a little before the latter vessel begins 

 to make its turn. It follows the course of the branch of the jaw, 

 nearly preserving the line of its middle, detaching twigs princi- 

 pally to the pterygoideusand mylo-hyoideus, and transmitting its 

 furthest ramifications into the substance of the gums internally. 



e. Anterior masseter branches, one large, or two or three small 

 vessels, coming off in the course of the ascent of the trunk upon 

 the face. 



y. The inferior labial artery courses the side of the 

 jaw, occupying nearly the same site externally to what the sub- 

 mental does internally, invested in the cellular and fleshy sub- 

 stance belonging to the retractor labii. It is principally destined 

 for the supply of the glandular substance of the under lip, wherein 

 it anastomoses with its fellow vessel. It gives off — a. Slender 

 ramijications to the investing cellular substance, b. Buccinator 

 arteries. c. A large branch to the angle of the mouth, which 

 distributes buccal tioigs in its course, and then bifurcates, sending 

 its divisions respectively to the upper and under lips, along their 

 lateral borders: these form the superior and inferior coronary 

 arteries of the lips. 



g. The facial artery ascends upon the side of the face^ 



