PARASITOLOGY. 75 



numbers to produce the acute symptoms of tick fever 

 by the eleventh day. The liver becomes congested, 

 the bile thickened and granular ; the spleen becomes 

 greatly enlarged, and the contents is the consistency 

 of blackberry jam. The urine is port wine colored, 

 and the cancellated portion of the bone is black ; the 

 fat is lemon colored, due to staining of the cells of 

 the tissue with hematin. During this time the ani- 

 mal shows loss of appetite, stands off by itself, back 

 arched, high elevation of temperature, accelerated 

 respiration and pulse, port wine colored urine. 



Ticks do not live over winter in latitudes where 

 the temperature falls to zero or below. 



Certain animals devour ticks, and hence aid in the 

 ridding of such pests. These animals known to be 

 enemies of ticks are : Kingbirds, "J^^^daws," poultry, 

 ants and Sowbugs (armadillidium vulgare). 



The arsenical cattle dip is made as follows : Arsenic 

 (A S03), 8 to 12 pounds; sol soda, 24 to 45 pounds; 

 water, 500 gallons. Two dippings are necessary. 



Emulsion of crude petroleum : Hard soap, 1 pound ; 

 soft water, 1 gallon; Beaumont crude petroleum, 4 

 gallons. When ready to use add 3 gallons water to 1 

 gallon of mixture. 



Pasture rotation is also used to rid cattle and pre- 

 mises of ticks. 



BooPHiLus AuSTRALis (Australia). 



Synonym. — Australian fever tick. 



History. — Found in Australia, South America, 

 Cuba, Porto Rico and India. 



A?iimals Infested. — The ox, the deer and the horse. 



Description. — The female is about the same size as, 

 and has markings similar to, the Boophilus Annula- 



