2. Tipulidae (Daddy long-legs). Some small 

 Tipulidae often possess a considerable superficial 

 resemblance to mosquitoes, as, for example, the winter 

 gnat (Trichocera), trie wings of which are spotted. 

 When at rest their bodies lie parallel with the surface, 

 and upon it. They have no distinct proboscis (Fig. 16). 



3. Cecidomyidae, or gall midges. These have 

 a simple wing venation, and there are no forked cells. 

 In most species the wings and bodies are hairy, not 

 scaled. 



4. Rhypbidae. Wings have a discal cell (below 

 the anterior cross vein). They may have spotted wings. 



Fig. 1 6. Trichocera 



5. Simulidae, or sand-flies (sometimes also called 

 midges). These are minute flies which suck blood 

 voraciously. They have a short and stout proboscis. 

 The salivary glands are very large in proportion to the 

 size of the fly, and the bite is as severe as that of a 

 mosquito. The males are harmless (Fig. 17). 



The larvae of the Simulidae are aquatic, cylindri- 

 cal in shape, and live on the stems of water plants. 

 The imago hatches beneath the water. 



6. Psychodidae (or owl midges), e.g., Phlebotomus. 

 Small fluffy-looking flies which suck blood readily. 



They are most readily detected after feeding, when the 

 abdomen is swollen with blood. They have very hairy 



