179 



2. Hibernation of the Larva. The larvae of 

 certain Ano-phelines, e.g., A. bifurcatus, appear able to 

 resist low temperatures, and are found even when 

 parts of the water are frozen over. Under these 

 circumstances they grow extremely slowly, if at all. 



So also in the tropics, different species tide over 

 the ' cold weather ' in different ways. Thus James 

 found that M. culicifacies hibernated by means of 

 larvae only, little or no growth occurring in these 

 (t. = S5F. about): whereas Ce. -pulcherrima and N. 

 fuliginosus laid eggs which developed into pupae and 

 imagines. 



3. Hibernation of Eggs. There is a certain 

 amount of evidence to shew that eggs can survive 

 for some months in moist earth, exposed to frost, etc. 

 For young larvae have been found in fresh pools in the 

 winter, under conditions that made it unlikely that 

 the eggs had been deposited there on the appearance of 

 water. The resistance of eggs to drying under a 

 tropical sun is, however, practically nil. 



MODE OF DISPERSAL OF ANOPHELINAE 



There is no evidence existing at present to show 

 that mosquitoes habitually disperse any considerable 

 distance from their breeding-grounds. In fact, the 

 evidence is completely against such a dispersal, and, 

 broadly speaking, the Anophelinae remain where they 

 were developed, and in the native huts where they 

 find abundant food. 



That various accidental modes of distribution 

 occur is equally certain, e.g. : 



I. On trains, boats, and even ocean-going 

 steamers, they may be carried long distances, e.g., from 

 West Africa and South America to England, but it 



