207 



and, as far as our observations go, universally. On the 

 other hand, where we find M. listoni, M. culicifacies, 

 P. jeyporensis, in India, we have a high endemic index. 

 The group of mosquitoes, those associated with 

 intense malaria, are small dark mosquitoes with 

 unhanded legs (Myzomyia). 



M. funesta AND P. costalis IN AFRICA 



The former mosquito is, like M. listoni, which 

 it closely resembles, a breeder in clean waters, streams, 

 springs, etc., while P. costalis is found breeding in 

 shallow pools about houses and frequents towns (in 

 Africa), which M. funesta does not. 



M. funesta was found by us to be infected in the 

 Lagos hinterland to the extent of twenty-five to 

 fifty per cent., whereas P. costalis in Lagos itself was 

 infected only to the extent of three per cent. 



ANOPHELINAE THAT ARE KNOWN TO TRANSMIT 

 MALARIA 



Although we have about a hundred species, it has been determined, 

 only in a very few cases, which of these actually do transmit malaria 

 in nature. The following list might be extended, as it often is, but 

 only on circumstantial and not on demonstrative evidence. 



Europe. A. maculipennis, A. bifurcatus, P. superpictus, M. 



pseudo-pic tus. 



North America. A. maculipennis. 

 South America. Ce. albipes (W. Indies), Ce, argyrotarsis (Brazil), 



M. lutzi (Zygotes). 

 Africa. M. funesta, P. costalis, A. maculipennis, A. algeriensis, 



M. hispaniola (the last three in Algeria) ; Ce. 



pbaroensis (Zygotes). 

 India. M. listoni, M. culicifacies, N. fuliginosus. 



LITERATURE 



Stephens and Christophers. Malarial Reports to the Royal 

 Society. Series VI and VII. Harrison and Sons, London, 



